avalanche photodiode
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2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 022503
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Weifang Yuan ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Duan ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petro Shpatar ◽  
Oleksandr Hres ◽  
Heorhii Rozorinov ◽  
Andrii Veryha

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-288
Author(s):  
Sergey Vinogradov ◽  
Elena Popova ◽  
Wolfgang Schmailzl ◽  
Eugen Engelmann

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. P12012
Author(s):  
H. Heo ◽  
J. Yang ◽  
J. Kang

Abstract A rotatable lutetium-yttrium-oxyorthosilicate-Geiger-mode-avalanche photodiode (LYSO-GAPD) DEXA detector that can be configured into either a normal-resolution or a high-resolution mode, was proposed and examined. A 3 × 3 × 2 mm3 LYSO was coupled to a 3 × 3 mm2 GAPD. The versatile transformation of the high-resolution mode was possible by employing the rotating controller for the DEXA detector on its own axis, and the intrinsic resolution in this mode was improved by ∼ 33% compared to the normal-resolution mode. Dual-energy X-ray spectra and imaging capabilities were evaluated in both acquisition modes. The respective peak positions of low- and high-energy-beam of normal-resolution mode (high-resolution mode) were 1330 mV (1262 mV) and 2347 mV (2267 mV). The respective peak-to-valley ratios of low- and high-energy-beam of normal-resolution mode (high-resolution mode) were ∼ 2.8 (∼ 2.9) and ∼ 1.2 (∼ 1.1). Considerable improvements in phantom images such as overall contrast and fine-spot detectability were observed in the high-resolution mode. It should be noted that spatial resolution was improved by reducing the detection-area from 3 × 3 mm2 to 2 × 3 mm2 in the high-resolution mode, but count rate was also decreased. These results demonstrated that a rotatable LYSO-GAPD DEXA detector allows to provide high versatility for both high-resolution mode and normal-resolution mode with a single detector.


ETRI Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae‐Sik Sim ◽  
Kisoo Kim ◽  
Minje Song ◽  
Sungil Kim ◽  
Minhyup Song
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxian Yang ◽  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Xinyue Cao ◽  
Lina Liu ◽  
...  

Abstract Sub-micron faculae (light spots) at the single-photon level have important applications in many fields. This report demonstrates a method for measuring facula size at the sub-micron single-photon level indirectly. The developed method utilizes Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) as the single-photon response detectors, combined with a nano-positioning stage. The approach involves one- or two-dimensional space scanning and a deconvolution operation, which enable evaluations of the size and spatial distribution of focused facula in a single-photon-level pulsed laser. The results indicate that the average full width at half maximum of the faculae is about 0.66 µm, which is close to the nominal resolution of the objective lens of the microscope (0.42 µm). The proposed method has two key advantages: (1) it can measure sub-micron facula at the single-photon level, and (2) the sub-micron facula can easily be aligned with the detector because the array area of the avalanche photodiode cells in SiPM is usually larger than one square millimeter, and there is no need to put an optical slit, knife edge, or pinhole in front of the detector. The method described herein is applicable in weak light facula detection related fields.


Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Mingwei Huang ◽  
Zijing Zhang ◽  
Jiaheng Xie ◽  
Jiahuan Li ◽  
Yuan Zhao

Photon counting lidar for long-range detection faces the problem of declining ranging performance caused by background noise. Current anti-noise methods are not robust enough in the case of weak signal and strong background noise, resulting in poor ranging error. In this work, based on the characteristics of the uncertainty of echo signal and noise in photon counting lidar, an entropy-based anti-noise method is proposed to reduce the ranging error under high background noise. Firstly, the photon counting entropy, which is considered as the feature to distinguish signal from noise, is defined to quantify the uncertainty of fluctuation among photon events responding to the Geiger mode avalanche photodiode. Then, the photon counting entropy is combined with a windowing operation to enhance the difference between signal and noise, so as to mitigate the effect of background noise and estimate the time of flight of the laser pulses. Simulation and experimental analysis show that the proposed method improves the anti-noise performance well, and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively mitigates the effect of background noise to reduce ranging error despite high background noise.


Author(s):  
Robert M. Zedric ◽  
Sunil S. Chirayath ◽  
Craig M. Marianno ◽  
Yacouba Diawara ◽  
Natko Skukan

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
I. R. Gulakov ◽  
A. O. Zenevich ◽  
O. V. Kochergina ◽  
E. V. Novikov ◽  
S. A. Goibov

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