Fabibacter pacificus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from seawater

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 3710-3714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Yi Huo ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Chun-Sheng Wang ◽  
Jun-Yi Yang ◽  
Hong You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Deep Seawater ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium, strain DY53T, was isolated from a deep-seawater sample collected from the eastern Pacific Ocean. This isolate grew in the presence of 0.5–10.0 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 6.5–8.5 and at 15–40 °C. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth of DY53T was 2 % (w/v) at 35 °C. Chemotaxonomic analysis showed MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c), iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as major cellular fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 40.8 mol%. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that Fabibacter halotolerans UST030701-097T was the closest neighbour, with 96.7 % sequence similarity. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, we propose that strain DY53T represents a novel species of the genus Fabibacter , for which the name Fabibacter pacificus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DY53T( = CGMCC 1.12402T = JCM 18885T).

Halobacillus fulvus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from shrimp paste (Ka-pi) in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Auttaporn Booncharoen ◽  
Wonnop Visessanguan ◽  
Nattakorn Kuncharoen ◽  
Supalurk Yiamsombut ◽  
Pannita Santiyanont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

An aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped and moderately halophilic strain SKP4-6T, was isolated from shrimp paste (Ka-pi) collected from Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain SKP4-6T belonged to the genus Halobacillus and was most closely related to Halobacillus salinus JCM 11546T (98.6 %), Halobacillus locisalis KCTC 3788T (98.6 %) and Halobacillus yeomjeoni KCTC 3957T (98.6 %) based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain SKP4-6T and its related species were 18.2–19.3 % and 69.84–84.51 %, respectively, which were lower than the threshold recommended for species delineation. The strain grew optimally at 30–40 °C, at pH 7.0 and with 10–15 % (w/v) NaCl. It contained l-Orn–d-Asp in the cell wall peptidoglycan. The DNA G+C content was 44.8 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. Phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol were present as major polar lipids. Based on this polyphasic approach, digital DNA–DNA relatedness and ANI values, strain SKP4-6T represents a novel species of the genus Halobacillus , for which the name Halobacillus fulvus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SKP4-6T (=JCM 32624T=TISTR 2595T).

scholarly journals Aquisalimonas halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a hypersaline mine

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 2210-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Jiao Zhang ◽  
Man Jia ◽  
Yong-Chun Ma ◽  
Kai-Yang Lu ◽  
Fei Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic strain, designated YIM 95345T, was isolated from a soil sample of a hypersaline mine in Yunnan province, PR China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain YIM 95345T grew at 15–45 °C (optimum 30–35 °C), 3.0–23.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10.0–11.0 %, w/v) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–8.0). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism belongs to the genus Aquisalimonas and exhibited sequence similarity of 96.6 % to the sole type strain Aquisalimonas asiatica CG12T. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C18 : 1ω7c. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, three aminolipids and three unidentified phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 59.4 mol%. Based on the results of our comparative phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological analyses, the new isolate is assigned to a novel species of the genus Aquisalimonas , for which the name Aquisalimonas halophila sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain YIM 95345T ( = DSM 25902T = CCTCC AB 2012043T).

scholarly journals Halomonas ramblicola sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from Rambla Salada, a Mediterranean hypersaline rambla

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 2903-2909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Luque ◽  
Victoria Béjar ◽  
Emilia Quesada ◽  
Fernando Martínez-Checa ◽  
Inmaculada Llamas
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A moderately halophilic bacterium (strain RS-16T) was isolated from saline soil in Rambla Salada, a Mediterranean hypersaline rambla in Murcia, south-east Spain. Cells of strain RS-16T were Gram-negative rods, oxidase-negative and motile by peritrichous flagella. Strain RS-16T required NaCl for growth, and grew between 1 % and 30 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 5–7.5 %), at temperatures of between 4 °C and 41 °C (optimum, 32–37 °C), and at pH values of between 5 and 10 (optimum, pH 7). Strain RS-16T was chemo-organotrophic and its metabolism was respiratory with oxygen and nitrate as terminal electron acceptors. It produced acids from d-glucose and myo-inositol, accumulated poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate granules and produced cream colonies on MY 7.5 % (w/v). The DNA G+C content of strain RS-16T was 56.2 mol%. A comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed the relationship of strain RS-16T to species of the genus Halomonas . The most phylogenetically related species was Halomonas cerina SP4T (97.4 %16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). In DNA–DNA hybridization assays strain RS-16T showed DNA–DNA relatedness values of 62.7±3.09 %, 64.5±1.97 % and 64.7±1.74 % to Halomonas cerina CECT 7282T, Halomonas cerina CECT 7284 and Halomonas cerina CECT 7283, respectively. The major fatty acids of strain RS-16T were C18 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0, and the predominant respiratory lipoquinone was ubiquinone, with nine isoprene units (Q-9). On the basis of these data, strain RS-16T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halomonas , for which the name Halomonas ramblicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RS-16T ( = CECT 7896T = LMG 26647T).

Peribacillus faecalis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from the faeces of a cow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingmin Jiang ◽  
Won Yong Jung ◽  
Zhun Li ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee ◽  
Seung-Hwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Core Gene ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Conserved Signature Indels ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped strain, AGMB 02131T, which grew at 20–40 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 3.0–11.0 (optimum pH 4.0) and in the presence of 0–18 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10 %), was isolated from a cow faecal sample and identified as a novel strain using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences along with the whole genome (92 core gene sets) revealed that AGMB 02131T formed a group within the genus Peribacillus , and showed the highest sequence similarity with Peribacillus endoradicis DSM 28131T (96.9 %), following by Peribacillus butanolivorans DSM 18926T (96.6 %). The genome of AGMB 02131T comprised 70 contigs, the chromosome length was 4 038 965 bp and it had a 38.5 % DNA G+C content. Digital DNA–DNA hybridization revealed that AGMB 02131T displayed 21.4 % genomic DNA relatedness with the most closely related strain, P. butanolivorans DSM 18926T. AGMB 02131T contains all of the conserved signature indels that are specific for members of the genus Peribacillus . The major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) of AGMB 02131T were C18 : 1ω9c, C18:0 and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids present were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic and chemotaxonomic features, AGMB 02131T represents a novel species of the genus Peribacillus , for which the name Peribacillus faecalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AGMB 02131T (=KCTC 43221T=CCTCC AB 2020077T).

Ornithinibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming bacterium from a hypersaline lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 844-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Maryam Didari ◽  
Malihe Mehrshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A novel Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain G8BT, was isolated from water of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain G8BT were rod-shaped, motile and produced oval endospores at a terminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain G8BT was strictly aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The strain was able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 0.5–12.5 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 5–7.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35–40 °C and pH 7.5–8.0, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain G8BT was shown to belong to the genus Ornithinibacillus within the phylum Firmicutes and showed closest phylogenetic similarity with Ornithinibacillus bavariensis WSBC 24001T (97.6 %). The DNA G+C content of strain G8BT was 36.9 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain G8BT were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, four unknown phospholipids and an unknown aminolipid. The isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (98 %) and MK-8 (2 %). Strain G8BT contained a peptidoglycan of type A4β, l-Orn–d-Asp. All these features confirmed the placement of isolate G8BT within the genus Ornithinibacillus . DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of relatedness (6 %) between strain G8BT and Ornithinibacillus bavariensis DSM 15681T. On the basis of evidence from this study, a novel species of the genus Ornithinibacillus , Ornithinibacillus halophilus sp. nov., is proposed, with strain G8BT ( = IBRC-M 10683T = KCTC 13822T) as the type strain.

scholarly journals Aquisalimonas lutea sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a saltern

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1354-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Infante-Domínguez ◽  
Cristina Sánchez-Porro ◽  
Antonio Ventosa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A yellow-pigmented, motile, Gram-stain-negative, moderately halophilic and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated BA42AL-1T, was isolated from water of a saltern of Santa Pola, Alicante, Spain. Strain BA42AL-1T grew in media containing 5–20 % (w/v) salts (optimum 7.5 % salts). It grew between pH 6.0 and 9.0 (optimally at pH 7.5) and at 15–45 °C (optimally at 37 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BA42AL-1T is a member of the genus Aquisalimonas . The closest relatives to this strain were Aquisalimonas halophila YIM 95345T and Aquisalimonas asiatica CG12T with sequence similarities of 99.4 % and 97.0 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization between the novel isolate and Aquisalimonas halophila YIM 95345T revealed a relatedness of 54 %. The major fatty acids of strain BA42AL-1T were C18 : 1ω6c/C18 : 1ω7c, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C16 : 0, and lower contents of C12 : 0 and C18 : 0. The polar lipid pattern of strain BA42AL-1T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, two glycolipids, a lipid and four unknown phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was 65.0 mol%. Based on the DNA–DNA hybridization, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented in this study, strain BA42AL-1T is proposed as a novel species of the genus Aquisalimonas , for which the name Aquisalimonas lutea sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is BA42AL-1T ( = CCM 8472T = CECT 8326T = LMG 27614T).

scholarly journals Fodinicurvata halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a marine saltern

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Infante-Dominguez ◽  
Paul A. Lawson ◽  
Crystal N. Johnson ◽  
Cristina Sánchez-Porro ◽  
Antonio Ventosa
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Lipid Pattern ◽  
Sequence Similarities

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain BA45ALT, was isolated from water of a saltern located in Santa Pola, Alicante, Spain. Cells were motile, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. Strain BA45ALT grew at temperatures in the range 14–45 °C (optimally at 37 °C), at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimally at pH 7.5), and in media containing 5–20 % (w/v) salts [optimally in media containing 10 % (w/v) salts]. Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BA45ALT is a member of the genus Fodinicurvata . The closest relatives to the novel strain were Fodinicurvata fenggangensis YIM D812T and Fodinicurvata sediminis YIM D82T with sequence similarities of 98.2 % and 97.4 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization between the novel isolate and these phylogenetically related species revealed relatedness values of 30 % and 15 %, respectively, with respect to the aforementioned species. The major cellular fatty acids of strain BA45ALT were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain BA45ALT was 58.0 mol%, and the polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and a number of unknown phospholipids and lipids. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented in this study, strain BA45ALT constituted a novel species of the genus Fodinicurvata , for which the name Fodinicurvata halophila sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is BA45ALT ( = CCM 8504T = CECT 8472T = JCM 19075T = LMG 27945T).

scholarly journals Halomonas pellis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from wetsalted hides

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 5417-5424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Li ◽  
Longzhan Gan ◽  
Mengyao Hu ◽  
Shiting Wang ◽  
Yongqiang Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A Gram-stain-negative, moderately halophilic strain, designated strain L5T, was isolated from wetsalted hides collected from Chengdu, south-west PR China. The cells were motile, facultative aerobic, short rod-shaped and non-endospore-forming. Growth of strain L5T occurred at pH 6–10 (optimum, pH 8), 10–45 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and in the presence of 1–17 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 10 %). Results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, gyrB and rpoD gene sequences and its genome revealed that strain L5T belonged to the genus Halomonas . Strain L5T was found to be most closely related to the type strains of Halomonas saliphila , Halomonas lactosivorans , Halomonas kenyensis , Halomonas daqingensis and Halomonas desiderata (98.8, 98.6, 98.3, 97.9 and 97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively). The draft genome was approximately 4.2 Mb in size with a G+C content of 63.5 mol%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values among strain L5T and the selected Halomonas species were 83.3–88.9 % (ANIm), 71.1–87.3 % (ANIb) and 20.2–34.6 %, which are below the recommended cutoff values. Major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1  ω7c, C18 : 1  ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and the predominant ubiquinone was Q-9, with minor ubiquinone Q-8 also present. The phospholipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, four unidentified aminophospholipids and three unidentified phospholipids. Based on the mentioned polyphasic taxonomic evidence, strain L5T represents a novel species within the genus Halomonas , for which Halomonas pellis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is L5T (=CGMCC 1.17335T=KCTC 72573T).

Halomonas huangheensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saline–alkali soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohua Miao ◽  
Fangfang Jia ◽  
Yusong Wan ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Min Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A novel, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain BJGMM-B45T, was isolated from a saline–alkali soil collected from Shandong Province, China. Growth of strain BJGMM-B45T occurred at 10–45 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 5.0–12.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) on Luria–Bertani agar medium with 1–20 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 7–10 %). The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-9. The major cellular fatty acids (>5 %) were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, summed feature 3, C12 : 0 3-OH and C12 : 0. The genomic DNA G+C content was 57.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain BJGMM-B45T belonged to the genus Halomonas in the class Gammaproteobacteria . The closest relatives were Halomonas cupida DSM 4740T (98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Halomonas denitrificans M29T (97.8 %). Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain BJGMM-B45T and Halomonas cupida CGMCC 1.2312T and Halomonas denitrificans DSM 18045T were 57.0 and 58.9 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic features, strain BJGMM-B45T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halomonas , for which the name Halomonas huangheensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BJGMM-B45T ( = ACCC 05850T = KCTC 32409T).

scholarly journals Gracilibacillus bigeumensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from solar saltern soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 1857-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankyung Kim ◽  
Jae-Chan Lee ◽  
Dong-Jin Park ◽  
Kee-Sun Shin ◽  
Jeong-Yoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Solar Saltern ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain BH097T, was isolated from solar saltern soil of Bigeum Island in south-west Korea. Cells were motile rods, producing spherical endospores at a terminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain BH097T was strictly aerobic, grew at pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum, pH 8.0), at 10–52 °C (optimum, 37 °C) and at salinities of 1–22 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 7 % NaCl). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain BH097T was shown to belong to the genus Gracilibacillus within the phylum Firmicutes , and showed closest sequence similarity to Gracilibacillus saliphilus DSM 19802T (95.8 %), Gracilibacillus thailandensis TP2-8T (95.6 %), Gracilibacillus boraciitolerans DSM 17256T (95.5 %), ‘Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis’ DSM 17858 (95.4 %) and Gracilibacillus halophilus DSM 17856T (95.2 %). The DNA G+C content of this novel isolate was 37.9 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain BH097T were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol two unknown phospholipids and a glycolipid. The isoprenoid quinone was MK-7, and the peptidoglycan type was A1γ, with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. On the basis of polyphasic evidence from this study, strain BH097T represents a novel species of the genus Gracilibacillus for which the name Gracilibacillus bigeumensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BH097T ( = KCTC 13130T = DSM 19028T).

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