scholarly journals Motivational learning biases are differentially modulated by genetic determinants of striatal and prefrontal dopamine function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Richter ◽  
Lieke de Boer ◽  
Marc Guitart-Masip ◽  
Gusalija Behnisch ◽  
Constanze I. Seidenbecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Learning Differences ◽  
Total N ◽  
Learning Biases ◽  
Motivated Behavior ◽  
Dopaminergic Tone

Dopaminergic neurotransmission plays a pivotal role in appetitively motivated behavior in mammals, including humans. Notably, action and valence are not independent in motivated tasks, and it is particularly difficult for humans to learn the inhibition of an action to obtain a reward. We have previously observed that the carriers of the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA A1 allele, that has been associated with reduced striatal dopamine D2 receptor expression, showed a diminished learning performance when required to learn response inhibition to obtain rewards, a finding that was replicated in two independent cohorts. In the present study, we first report a replication of this finding in a third independent cohort of 99 participants. Interestingly, after combining all three cohorts (total N = 281), exploratory analyses regarding the COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism suggest that homozygotes for the Met allele, which has been linked to higher prefrontal dopaminergic tone, show a lower learning bias. Our results corroborate the importance of genetic variability of the dopaminergic system in individual learning differences of action-valence interaction and, furthermore, suggest that motivational learning biases are differentially modulated by genetic determinants of striatal and prefrontal dopamine function.

scholarly journals Motivational learning biases are differentially modulated by genetic determinants of striatal and prefrontal dopamine function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Richter ◽  
Lieke de Boer ◽  
Marc Guitart-Masip ◽  
Gusalija Behnisch ◽  
Constanze I. Seidenbecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Learning Differences ◽  
Learning Biases ◽  
Motivated Behavior ◽  
Dopaminergic Tone

AbstractDopaminergic neurotransmission plays a pivotal role in appetitively motivated behavior in mammals, including humans. Notably, action and valence are not independent in motivated tasks, and it is particularly difficult for humans to learn the inhibition of an action to obtain a reward. We have previously observed that the carriers of the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA A1 allele, that has been associated with reduced striatal dopamine D2 receptor expression, showed a diminished learning performance when required to learn response inhibition to obtain rewards, a finding that was replicated in two independent cohorts. With our present study, we followed two aims: first, we aimed to replicate our finding on the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism in a third independent cohort (N = 99) and to investigate the nature of the genetic effects more closely using trial-by-trial behavioral analysis and computational modeling in the combined dataset (N = 281). Second, we aimed to assess a potentially modulatory role of prefrontal dopamine availability, using the widely studied COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism as a proxy. We first report a replication of the above mentioned finding. Interestingly, after combining all three cohorts, exploratory analyses regarding the COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism suggest that homozygotes for the Met allele, which has been linked to higher prefrontal dopaminergic tone, show a lower learning bias. Our results corroborate the importance of genetic variability of the dopaminergic system in individual learning differences of action–valence interaction and, furthermore, suggest that motivational learning biases are differentially modulated by genetic determinants of striatal and prefrontal dopamine function.

Dopamine D2 receptor expression in the corticotroph cells of the human normal pituitary gland

Endocrine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Pivonello ◽  
Marlijn Waaijers ◽  
Johan M. Kros ◽  
Claudia Pivonello ◽  
Cristina de Angelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Dopamine D2 ◽  
Normal Pituitary Gland

scholarly journals Valenced action/inhibition learning in humans is modulated by a genetic variant linked to dopamine D2 receptor expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Richter ◽  
Marc Guitart-Masip ◽  
Adriana Barman ◽  
Catherine Libeau ◽  
Gusalija Behnisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variant ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Dopamine D2 ◽  
Action Inhibition

scholarly journals Adolescent impulsivity as a sex-dependent and subtype-dependent predictor of impulsivity, alcohol drinking and dopamine D2 receptor expression in adult rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey R. Hammerslag ◽  
Amogh P. Belagodu ◽  
Olubankole A. Aladesuyi Arogundade ◽  
Angela G. Karountzos ◽  
Qingrou Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Dopamine D2

scholarly journals Adolescent impulsivity as a sex- and subtype-dependent predictor of impulsivity, alcohol drinking, and dopamine D2 receptor expression in adult rats

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Robertson Hammerslag ◽  
Amogh P. Belagodu ◽  
Olubankole Aladesuyi ◽  
Angela G. Karountzos ◽  
Qingrou Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Impulsive Choice ◽  
Impulsive Action ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Dopamine D2 ◽  
The Impact

Impulsivity is a personality trait associated with a heightened risk for drug use and other psychiatric conditions. Because impulsivity-related disorders typically emerge during adolescence, there has been interest in exploring methods for identifying adolescents that will be at risk to develop substance use disorders in adulthood. Here, we used a rodent model to assess inhibitory control (impulsive action) and impulsive decision making (impulsive choice) during adolescence (43-50 days old) or adulthood (93-100 days old) and then examined the impact of development on these impulsivity traits by retesting rats 50 days later. Impulsive action was not stable from adolescence to adulthood in males and was lowest in adult males, relative to adolescents and females. Impulsive choice was stable across development and unaffected by age or sex. Next, we examined the connection between our model of impulsivity and two measures relevant to substance abuse research: the initiation of voluntary alcohol drinking and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) expression in the prelimbic prefrontal cortex. Consumption of saccharin-sweetened ethanol during 30 min sessions in adulthood was associated with adolescent, but not adult, impulsive action, particularly in males. Prelimbic D2R expression was reduced in individuals with high levels of impulsive choice and this relationship appeared to be strongest among females. The results of this study demonstrate that impulsive choice, along with its connection to D2R expression, is relatively unchanged by the process of development. For impulsive action however, individual levels of impulsivity during adolescence predict drinking in adulthood despite changes in the measure during development.

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