scholarly journals Hematological and Serum Biochemical Analysis of Streptozotocin-Induced Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Male Adult Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Yakhchalian ◽  
Nasim mohammadian ◽  
Kazem Hatami ◽  
Hamed Nosrati ◽  
Namdar Yousofvand
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Hepatic Transaminase ◽  
Insulin Dependent

AbstractBackgroundThis investigation is concentrated on how hematological and serum biochemical markers would change in streptozotocin-induced Insulin-Dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM) in male adult wistar rats. Hematological parameters, serum protein electrophoresis parameters and hepatic transaminases level (SGOT-SGPT) were all measured in both control group rats (N=6) and diabetic group rats (N=6) and comparison between two groups was performed.Material and MethodSingle dose intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin(STZ) in male adult wistar rats, induces extensive necrosis in langerhans β-cell islets, because of its cytotoxicity. Experimental diabetes mellitus can be induced completely in less than 72 hours after STZ intraperitoneal injection. Streptozotocin(STZ) was purchased from Sigma company. Diabetic and control group rats were kept separately in different metabolic cages, and their blood glucose(BG), hematological parameters, serum protein electrophoretic pattern and hepatic transaminases level were analyzed and comparison was done.ResultsIn our investigation, Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus(IDDM) was completely induced one week after single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg BW. Diabetes mellitus induction was verified by measuring fasting plasma glucose level in blood samples of rats. Level of blood glucose, hematological parameters, serum protein electrophoretic pattern and hepatic transaminase enzymes level, were all measured. In diabetic group rats level of blood glucose (BG), hepatic transaminase enzymes (SGOT & SGPT), serum α1-globulin and β-globulin were significantly increased but in albumin, albumin/globulin ratio (A/G ratio) and serum α2-globulin a significant decrease was observed in diabetic rats in comparison with normal rats.ConclusionExtensive inflammation and tissue necrosis induced following diabetes mellitus induction in rats. Significant alterations were observed in serum protein electrophoresis fractions and hepatic transaminase enzymes level due to streptozotocin cytotoxic impacts on some tissues specifically liver.Because of extensive β-cells necrosis and degeneration caused by streptozotocin exposure, high level of blood glucose(diabetic hyperglycemia) was observed in diabetic rats. This type of experimentally induced diabetes mellitus would highly affect hematological parameters. Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus induced by streptozotocin, can lead to anemia, neutrophilia and lymphocytosis and also has decreasing effects on red blood cell indices (HGB, MCV, MCH, MCHC) in diabetic group rats.

Oral hypoglycaemics for diabetes: when and which?

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Control Blood Glucose ◽  
District Policy ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Market Leader

People with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus should modify their diet, avoid obesity and take regular exercise. An oral hypoglycaemic drug may be needed if these measures fail to control blood glucose, but it is now clear that they commonly cause hypoglycaemia. More than 3 million prescriptions were issued in 1988 for the sulphonylureas (eight currently available) and the biguanide, metformin. Glibenclamide is the market leader (1.4 million prescriptions in 1988), followed by metformin (950,000), chlorpropamide (280,000), tolbutamide (260,000) and gliclazide (200,000). Instituting a district policy to restrict the choice of sulphonylureas can improve care and save money.1 No new oral hypoglycaemics have been marketed since we last reviewed them2 but their place in overall management has been clarified.

scholarly journals Lack of physiological suppression of circulating IGFBP-1 in puberty in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

2002 ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
PH Riihimaa ◽  
M Knip ◽  
A Ruokonen ◽  
P Tapanainen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Free Insulin ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Total Body

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the interaction between serum free insulin, insulin-like binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and leptin concentrations during puberty in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). DESIGN: Adolescent patients with IDDM (n=101, age >9 years, duration >2 years) from the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Pediatrics at Oulu University Hospital, and non-diabetic controls, were recruited to the study. Free insulin, IGFBP-1, leptin and insulin antibody concentrations were measured from a fasting serum sample. RESULTS: Free insulin concentrations were lower in the patients than in the controls (4.3+/-2.3 mU/l compared with 6.5+/-3.1 mU/l, P<0.001), and there was an inverse correlation between free insulin and fasting blood glucose in the boys with diabetes (r=-0.53, P<0.001), whereas a positive correlation was observed between free insulin and leptin concentrations in the girls with diabetes (r=0.30, P=0.020). The IGFBP-1 concentrations were greater in the patients than in the controls (16.5+/-10.6 microg/l compared with 4.0+/-3.3, P<0.001), and they correlated significantly with blood glucose (r=0.63, P<0.001) and free insulin (r=-0.35, P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the leptin concentrations between the patients and controls overall, despite greater total body fat in the girls with diabetes compared with the control girls. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with IDDM are characterised by morning hypoinsulinaemia and high circulating IGFBP-1 concentrations, which may contribute to insulin resistance and impaired metabolic control during puberty. The mechanism behind the increased total body fat in the postpubertal female patients remains to be determined.

Use of Gymnema sylvestre leaf extract in the control of blood glucose in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R.B. Shanmugasundaram ◽  
G. Rajeswari ◽  
K. Baskaran ◽  
B.R.Rajesh Kumar ◽  
K.Radha Shanmugasundaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Insulin Dependent
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