Alfalfa leaf curl virus is transmitted by Aphis craccivora in a highly specific circulative manner

AbstractTwo members of the genus Capulavirus (Geminiviridae) are transmitted by aphids including Alfalfa leaf curl virus (ALCV) transmitted by Aphis craccivora. The capulavirus Euphorbia caput-medusae latent virus was shown here to be transmitted also by A. craccivora, using the population EuphorbiaSA. ALCV was transmissible by several A. craccivora populations including Robinia, but not EuphorbiaSA, reflecting a high transmission specificity. ALCV accumulation and localization were analyzed in whole insects, midguts, hemolymphs, and heads of aphids from both populations and from the non-vector species Acyrthosiphon pisum. A 6-day persistence was observed in A. craccivora populations but not in A. pisum. Vector and non-vector A. craccivora populations could be distinguished by contrasted virus accumulations and midgut intracellular localization. Results confirm that ALCV is transmitted according to a circulative-persistent mode, and are consistent with a gut barrier to the transmission of ALCV in A. pisum and a primary salivary gland barrier in A. craccivora.

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Molecular characterization and prevalence of two capulaviruses: Alfalfa leaf curl virus from France and Euphorbia caput-medusae latent virus from South Africa

Virology ◽

10.1016/j.virol.2016.03.016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 493 ◽

pp. 142-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Pauline Bernardo ◽

Brejnev Muhire ◽

Sarah François ◽

Maëlle Deshoux ◽

Penelope Hartnady ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Latent Virus ◽

Alfalfa Leaf ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

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Alfalfa Leaf Curl Virus: an Aphid-Transmitted Geminivirus

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.00453-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 89 (18) ◽

pp. 9683-9688 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Philippe Roumagnac ◽

Martine Granier ◽

Pauline Bernardo ◽

Maëlle Deshoux ◽

Romain Ferdinand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Organization ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Insect Vector ◽

Content Type ◽

First Report ◽

The Family ◽

Alfalfa Leaf ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

The familyGeminiviridaecomprises seven genera differentiated by genome organization, sequence similarity, and insect vector. Capulavirus, an eighth genus, has been proposed to accommodate two newly discovered highly divergent geminiviruses that presently have no known vector. Alfalfa leaf curl virus, identified here as a third capulavirus, is shown to be transmitted byAphis craccivora.This is the first report of an aphid-transmitted geminivirus.

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Alfalfa leaf curl virus is efficiently acquired by its aphid vector Aphis craccivora but inefficiently transmitted

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/jgv.0.001516 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Faustine Ryckebusch ◽

Michel Peterschmitt ◽

Martine Granier ◽

Nicolas Sauvion

Keyword(s):

Transmission Rate ◽

Infected Plant ◽

Aphid Transmission ◽

Transmission Efficiency ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Viral Dna ◽

Aphid Vector ◽

Alfalfa Leaf ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

Alfalfa leaf curl virus (ALCV) is the first geminivirus for which aphid transmission was reported. Transmission by Aphis craccivora was determined previously to be highly specific and circulative. Using various complementary techniques, the transmission journey of ALCV was monitored from its uptake from infected plant tissues up to the head of its vector. ALCV was shown to be restricted to phloem tissues using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and electropenetrography (EPG) monitoring of virus acquisition. Furthermore, the virus is heterogeneously distributed in phloem tissues, as revealed by FISH and quantitative PCR of viral DNA acquired by EPG-monitored aphids. Despite the efficient ingestion of viral DNA, about 106 viral DNA copies per insect in a 15 h feeding period on ALCV-infected plants, the individual maximum transmission rate was 12 %. Transmission success was related to a critical viral accumulation, around 1.6×107 viral DNA copies per insect, a threshold that generally needed more than 48 h to be reached. Moreover, whereas the amount of acquired virus did not decrease over time in the whole aphid body, it declined in the haemolymph and heads. ALCV was not detected in progenies of viruliferous aphids and did not affect aphid fitness. Compared to geminiviruses transmitted by whiteflies or leafhoppers, or to luteoviruses transmitted by aphids, the transmission efficiency of ALCV by A. craccivora is low. This result is discussed in relation to the aphid vector of this geminivirus and the agroecological features of alfalfa, a hardy perennial host plant.

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Alfalfa leaf curl virus is efficiently acquired by its aphid vector Aphis craccivora but inefficiently transmitted

10.1101/2020.01.15.908046 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Faustine Ryckebusch ◽

Michel Peterschmitt ◽

Martine Granier ◽

Nicolas Sauvion

Keyword(s):

Transmission Rate ◽

Infected Plant ◽

Aphid Transmission ◽

Transmission Efficiency ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Viral Dna ◽

Aphid Vector ◽

Alfalfa Leaf ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Leaf Curl

ABSTRACTAlfalfa leaf curl virus (ALCV) is the first geminivirus for which an aphid transmission was reported. Transmission by Aphis craccivora was determined previously to be highly specific and circulative. Using various complementary techniques, the transmission journey of ALCV was monitored from its uptake in an infected plant tissue up to the head of its vector. ALCV was shown to be restricted in the phloem using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and electropenetrography (EPG) monitoring of virus acquisition. Furthermore, the virus is heterogeneously distributed in the phloem as revealed by FISH and qPCR quantification of the viral DNA acquired by aphids monitored by EPG. In spite of the efficient ingestion of viral DNA, about 106 in a 15-hour feeding on ALCV infected plants, the individual transmission rate was at a maximum of 12%. Transmission success was related to a critical viral accumulation, around 1.6×107 viral DNA copies per insect, a threshold that needs generally more than 48 hours to be reached. Moreover, whereas the amount of acquired virus does not decrease over time in the whole aphid body, it decreased in hemolymph and heads. ALCV was not detected in progenies of viruliferous aphids and had no effect on aphid fitness. Compared to geminiviruses transmitted by whiteflies or leafhoppers or to luteovirus transmitted by aphids, the transmission efficiency of ALCV by A. craccivora is low. This result is discussed in relation to the aphid vector of this geminivirus and the agroecological features of alfalfa, a hardy perennial host plant.

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