Anomalous Acoustic Dispersion in Centrosymmetric Crystals with Soft Optic Phonons

Local helioseismology seeks to probe the near surface regions of the Sun, and in particular of active regions. These are distinguished by their strong magnetic fields, yet current local techniques do not take proper account of this. Here, we first derive appropriate gravito-magneto-acoustic dispersion relations, and then use these to examine how acoustic rays entering regions of strong field split into fast and slow components, and the subsequent fates of each. Specifically, two types of transmission point, where wave energy can transfer from the fast to slow branch (or vice versa) are identified; one close to the equipartition level where the sound and Alfvén speeds coincide, and one higher up near the acoustic cutoff turning point. This second type only exists for rays of low frequency or low l though. In accord with recent studies of fast-to-slow mode conversion from the perspective of p-modes, magnetic field inclination is found to have significant consequences for wave splitting.

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Kinetic and Activation Characteristics of Structure Rearrangement Processes in Ethoxylated Isononylphenol Derivates

Radio Engineering ◽

10.36027/rdeng.0120.0000160 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 17-30

Author(s):

S. V. Mysik

Keyword(s):

Activation Parameters ◽

Liquid Structure ◽

Relaxation Theory ◽

Structure Rearrangement ◽

Collective Processes ◽

Region Data ◽

Calculation Results ◽

Acoustic Spectra ◽

Rearrangement Processes ◽

Acoustic Dispersion

The paper presents the calculation results of the kinetic and activation characteristics of fast and ultrafast structure rearrangement processes in liquid hydroxyethylated derivates of isononylphenol (ОНФn). Parameters were calculated using the relaxation theory of acoustic spectroscopy of liquids based on the analysis of the acoustic spectra of speed and sound absorption of the hydroxyethylated derivates of isononylphenol. The paper shows that two simple regions of acoustic dispersion can describe the acoustic spectra in the frequency range from 12 MHz to 2 GHz and the temperature range from 253 K to 323 K. The dispersion region data in the hydroxyethylated derivates of isononylphenol correspond to the interconnected reactions of OH ... O bonding and breaking in chain associates and spatially branched network structures. It is noted that the change in the spatial structure of liquid hydroxyethylated derivates of isononylphenol can be considered as a set of the large number of independent (for non-collective processes) and interconnected (for collective processes) local rearrangements of the liquid structure as a result of the thermal motion of molecules. The proposed molecular mechanism of acoustic relaxation and the kinetic model of fast and ultrafast structure rearrangement processes of the hydroxyethylated derivates of isononylphenol made it possible to explain the main experimental results and to calculate the kinetic and activation characteristics of the structure rearrangement processes of the hydroxyethylated derivates of isononylphenol. This model and the kinetic and activation parameters of the hydroxyethylated derivates of isononylphenol can find application in development of various technologies for using nonionic surfactants.

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