scholarly journals Quantitative measures in ISAR image formation based on time-frequency representations

Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Cexus ◽  
Abdelmalek Toumi ◽  
Orian Couderc
Author(s):  
Weidong ◽  
Houjun Sun ◽  
Zhang Yan ◽  
Xin Lv

Author(s):  
M.A. O'Keefe ◽  
W.O. Saxton

A recent paper by Kirkland on nonlinear electron image processing, referring to a relatively new textbook, highlights the persistence in the literature of calculations based on incomplete and/or incorrect models of electron imageing, notwithstanding the various papers which have recently pointed out the correct forms of the appropriate equations. Since at least part of the problem can be traced to underlying assumptions about the illumination coherence conditions, we attempt to clarify both the assumptions and the corresponding equations in this paper, illustrating the effects of an incorrect theory by means of images calculated in different ways.The first point to be made clear concerning the illumination coherence conditions is that (except for very thin specimens) it is insufficient simply to know the source profiles present, i.e. the ranges of different directions and energies (focus levels) present in the source; we must also know in general whether the various illumination components are coherent or incoherent with respect to one another.


Author(s):  
Y. Harada ◽  
T. Goto ◽  
H. Koike ◽  
T. Someya

Since phase contrasts of STEM images, that is, Fresnel diffraction fringes or lattice images, manifest themselves in field emission scanning microscopy, the mechanism for image formation in the STEM mode has been investigated and compared with that in CTEM mode, resulting in the theory of reciprocity. It reveals that contrast in STEM images exhibits the same properties as contrast in CTEM images. However, it appears that the validity of the reciprocity theory, especially on the details of phase contrast, has not yet been fully proven by the experiments. In this work, we shall investigate the phase contrast images obtained in both the STEM and CTEM modes of a field emission microscope (100kV), and evaluate the validity of the reciprocity theory by comparing the experimental results.


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