The purpose of this chapter is to briefly describe the DE algorithm and its variants and present their application to antenna and microwave design problems. This chapter presents results from design cases using self-adaptive DE. The chapter discusses the issues, problems, and trends with DE for wireless communications. A brief description of different DE algorithms is also given. The numerical results for different design cases are reported. Moreover, an outline of future research directions is provided. Finally, the chapter concludes and the advantages of using a self-adaptive DE-based approach in the design and optimization of microwave systems and antennas is discussed.