Risk management of assets and liabilities in commercial banks based on gravity model

Author(s):  
Chen Jingyuan ◽  
Zha Li ◽  
Jiang Chao ◽  
Wang Yuchen
Author(s):  
Abu Hanifa Md. Noman ◽  
Md. Amzad Hossain ◽  
Sajeda Pervin

Objective - The study aims to investigate credit risk management practices and credit risk management strategies of the local private commercial banks in Bangladesh. Methodology -The investigation is conducted based on primary data collected from a set of both closed end and open end questionnaire from 23 out of 39 local private commercial banks in Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics has been used in processing the data and interpreting the results. Findings - The results reveal that credit risk management practice of the sample banks is sound which is attributed to the appropriate implementation of Basel II and credit risk management guidelines the country's central bank. The findings further show that use of Credit risk grading is most popular and effective criteria for measuring the borrowing capacity of the borrowers. In order to control credit risk and preventing losses from credit exposure banks give more focus on collateralization, accurate loan pricing and third party guarantee. Loan is monitored properly and credit reminder is given to the client if principal and interest remain outstanding for three months. The study further reveals that lack of experienced and trained credit officers, lack of genuine market information and Lack of awareness regarding non-genuine borrower are the most important problems of current credit risk management practices in Bangladesh. Novelty - To the best of the knowledge of the authors the study is the first that investigates credit risk management strategies of private commercial banks, especially on Bangladesh. Type of Paper - Empirical Keyword : Bangladesh; Commercial Bank; Credit risk; Credit risk management; Credit risk management strategies.


Author(s):  
Peter E. Ayunku ◽  
Akwarandu Uzochukwu

This study examines the impact of credit management on firm performance amidst bad debts, among Nigerian deposit banks. Five hypotheses were formulated following the dependent variables of Return on Asset and Tobin Q. The independent variables employed for this study include: Loan Loss Provision, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Equity to Asset Ratio, and Loan Write off. This study is based on ex-post facto research design and employed a panel data set collected from fourteen (14) commercial banks over six years ranging from 2014 to 2019 financial year. We analyzed the data set using descriptive statistics, correlation and Ordinary Least Square Regression Technique. The random effect models established that non-performing loan, loan loss provision and equity to asset impact significantly on banks’ performance in both Return on Asset and Tobin-Q models. This suggests that the sampled banks need to establish efficient arrangements to deal with credit risk management. In all, credit risk management indicators considered in this research are important variables in explaining the profitability of Nigerian commercial banks. However, based on the outcome from the empirical analysis, the study carefully recommends that investors and shareholders in these banks should be aware of the possible use of provisions for losses on non-performing loans by managers for smoothening of profits. The shareholders specifically should be ready to meet optimal agency costs to reduce the manager's information asymmetry by hiring competent internal and external auditors.


2019 ◽  
Vol VII (Issue 4) ◽  
pp. 197-212
Author(s):  
Muhamet Aliu ◽  
Arbana Sahiti ◽  
Albina Kalimashi

Author(s):  
Elena Vladimirovna Travkina ◽  

Current banking sector’s performance raises the issues connected with the IFRS 9 Financial Instruments driven transformation of the forecast assessment for the expected credit losses during monitoring and credit risk assessment in commercial banks. In this regard, it becomes important to conduct a comprehensive systematization of the existing Russian and international practices for monitoring and evaluating credit risk in commercial banks. The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive approach to the use of an effective model for the impairment of expected losses in banking activities. The novelty of the study includes the enhancement of the tools for the forecast assessment of the expected credit losses among the commercial banks’ clients to improve the credit risk management efficiency. The results from the implementation of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments in the banking area show that modern conditions maintain the uncertainty of the long-term impact of the credit risk on the commercial banks’ performance. What is more, a huge amount of additional information gives significant difficulties, which contributes into the sophisticated calculations of the future credit losses of the banks. It has been justified that a forecast assessment model for the expected credit losses of the clients during the monitoring and bank’s credit risk assessment should be based on the collective or individual ground. The efficient application of the expected losses impairment in the banking performance has been described as a fundamental tool to simulate the expected credit losses to provision for impairment. This model has been shown to be determined by the features of the credit activities and bank portfolio, types of its financial tools, sources of the available information, as well as the applied IT systems. The proposed model validation algorithm for the expected impairment losses could reduce the expected credit losses, decrease the volume of the created assessed reserves, as well as improve the overall commercial bank performance efficiency. Theoretically, the study develops the credit losses risk management in the context of the transformations in the global and Russian banking practices. From the perspective of the practical value, the research gives an opportunity to create an efficient forecast assessment model for the expected credit losses of the commercial banks’ clients, this model contributing into the cost effectiveness of the bank’s credit activities. A promising further research is considered to be aimed at developing the tools for the assessment of the commercial banks’ credit activity results in the context of the adopted changes connected with the introduction of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments in the Russian banking sector.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Kevin Kombo ◽  
Dr. Amos Njuguna

Purpose:The purpose of the study was toassess the effects of Basel III framework on capital adequacy requirement in commercial banks in Kenya. The study sought to address the following research questions: why are capital adequacy regulations important in commercial banks in Kenya? What challenges are commercial banks facing in the implementation of capital adequacy requirement? What measures have commercial banks taken to ensure compliance with the capital adequacy requirement?Methodology:A descriptive survey design was applied to a population of 43 commercial banks operating in Kenya. The target population composed of the 159 management staff currently employed at the head offices of the various commercial banks in Kenya. The population was composed of Senior, Middle and Junior or Entry level Management staff. A sample of 30% was selected from within each group.Primary data was gathered using questionnaires which were dropped off at the bank’s head offices and picked up later when the respondents had filled the questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze quantitative data while content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data.Results:The findings show that capital adequacy requirement is important in commercial banks because it leads financial stability in the Kenyan economy, improves credit risk management techniques as poor credit risk management requires more capital and leads to reduced vulnerability to liquidity shocks due to the sound capitalization policies being implemented under the Basel III framework. Findings also revealed that capital adequacy affected the balance sheet structure of the commercial banks in Kenya.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that banks should continue the pursuit of various strategies to ensure that they are in compliance with Basel III requirements and the Central Bank of Kenya’s Prudential Guidelines. The staff of this committee should be drawn from mainly the finance, legal, compliance and treasury departments. Compliance with the capital requirements will lead to a safety net for all commercial banks as the additional capital will act as a cushion that absorbs losses in case of distress in the commercial banking sector.


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