Industrial clusters and regional inclusive development: Experience from China

The presented study summarizes the results of the implementation of import substitution and innovation policies in Russia. It is established that cluster structures created and supported by the state are primarily meant to solve the problems of import substitution and innovative economy formation in the country. Aim. The study aims to assess the prospects for the development of cluster initiatives as a key tool for implementing import substitution and innovation policies in the country. Tasks. The authors examine the role and importance of clusters in the development of regions and countries; summarize theoretical models of cluster structures; determine stages in the development of cluster initiatives in modern Russia; analyze the results of the formation of industrial and innovative clusters; formulate conclusions regarding the problems of innovation policy implementation; provide recommendations to facilitate the development of cluster initiatives and innovative economy in Russia. Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to analyze the results of the formation of cluster structures meant to facilitate the implementation of innovation and import substitution policies in Russia and proposes possible directions and tools for the formation of Industry 4.0 in the country. Results. The study shows that the current solution to the problem of import substitution based on industrial clusters is unsatisfactory. Effective support for the activity of innovation clusters also does little to increase the share of innovative products created in Russia. At the same time, it will obviously take at least 10-15 years to see the effects of the implementation of innovation and import substitution policies, which makes it impossible to draw a definitive conclusion about the effectiveness of the examined policies or to assess the overall activity of cluster structures in the country. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that instead of extractive development institutions that hinder the country’s development, civil and entrepreneurial initiatives, Russia needs inclusive development institutions that are now practically absent but would allow citizens, organizations, and companies to influence economic and political processes. Furthermore, special government support is required for the rapidly growing medium-sized tech companies, which can become a source of economic growth for the country and a factor of global competitiveness in the world market in the next 10-15 years. Without their active development, building Industry 4.0 is impossible.

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Space Power in Inclusive Development: Industrial Clusters and Rural Anti-Poverty

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182010943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 10943

Author(s):

Junqian Wu ◽

Xiaoqian Liu ◽

Jianqing Ruan ◽

Xiulin Qi ◽

Chang’an Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Direct Effect ◽

Sustainable Use ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Spillover Effect ◽

Industrial Clusters ◽

Observation Point ◽

Inclusive Development ◽

Use Of Resources ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Positive Direct

Poverty seriously hinders the inclusive development of mankind and is closely related to economic growth, ecological protection, ecological restoration and sustainable use of resources. Based on the data of economic census and rural fixed observation point, a spatial econometric model is established to test the direct impact and spatial spillover effect of industrial clusters on rural poverty alleviation. The result of household-level is that the number of industrial clusters has a negative effect on poverty, namely the farmers who live in the county with more industrial clusters, may be less likely to become the poor. The number of industrial clusters in other regions also has a negative effect on poverty. By dividing farmers into the poverty and non-poverty group, the study finds that, for the poverty group, the number of industrial clusters has a positive direct and spillover effect on farmers’ income. For the non-poverty group, the number of local industrial clusters has a positive direct effect on farmers’ income, but the number of industrial clusters in other regions does not have any effects or has a negative direct effect on farmers’ income. By classifying the industries, the study discovers that the labor-intensive industrial clusters, such as textiles, manufacture and processing of machinery parts and paper industries, have a positive effect on farmers’ income.

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