Data structures for multilayer N-dimensional data using hierarchical structure

Author(s):  
Y. Nakamura ◽  
S. Abe ◽  
Y. Ohsawa ◽  
M. Sakauchi
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 131-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID EPPSTEIN ◽  
MICHAEL T. GOODRICH ◽  
JONATHAN Z. SUN

We present a new multi-dimensional data structure, which we call the skip quadtree (for point data in R2) or the skip octree (for point data in Rd, with constant d > 2). Our data structure combines the best features of two well-known data structures, in that it has the well-defined “box”-shaped regions of region quadtrees and the logarithmic-height search and update hierarchical structure of skip lists. Indeed, the bottom level of our structure is exactly a region quadtree (or octree for higher dimensional data). We describe efficient algorithms for inserting and deleting points in a skip quadtree, as well as fast methods for performing point location, approximate range, and approximate nearest neighbor queries.


2015 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Shelly Knotts

A review of radical democratic theories influenced by technological developments and nonhierarchical network structures allows us to analyze factors influencing hierarchical structure in music ensembles. Network music ensembles are uniquely positioned to deploy heterarchical technologies that enable them to address radical democratic concerns relating to communication structures and power distribution. This essay provides examples of current politically tinged explorations in network music and examines the room left for maneuvering in developing systems that consider the implication of data structures on sociopolitical hierarchy.


Author(s):  
E. Baer

The most advanced macromolecular materials are found in plants and animals, and certainly the connective tissues in mammals are amongst the most advanced macromolecular composites known to mankind. The efficient use of collagen, a fibrous protein, in the design of both soft and hard connective tissues is worthy of comment. Very crudely, in bone collagen serves as a highly efficient binder for the inorganic hydroxyappatite which stiffens the structure. The interactions between the organic fiber of collagen and the inorganic material seem to occur at the nano (scale) level of organization. Epitatic crystallization of the inorganic phase on the fibers has been reported to give a highly anisotropic, stress responsive, structure. Soft connective tissues also have sophisticated oriented hierarchical structures. The collagen fibers are “glued” together by a highly hydrated gel-like proteoglycan matrix. One of the simplest structures of this type is tendon which functions primarily in uniaxial tension as a reinforced elastomeric cable between muscle and bone.


1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig N. Sawchuk ◽  
David F. Tolin ◽  
Suzanne A. Meunier ◽  
Scott O. Lilienfeld ◽  
Jeffrey M. Lohr ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Joseph Boudreaux ◽  
Daniel Ozer

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