Silk is a fibrous protein, has been a part of human lives for centuries
and was used as suture and textile material. Silk is mainly produced by
members of certain arthropods such as spiders, butterflies, mites, and
moths. However, recent biotechnological advances have revolutionized
silk as a biomaterial for various applications ranging from diverse
sensors to robust fibers. The biocompatibility, mechanical resilience,
and biodegradability of the material make it a suitable candidate for
biomaterials. Silk can also be easily converted into several
morphological forms, including fibers, films, sponges, and hydrogels.
Provided these abilities, silk has received excellent traction from
scientists worldwide for various developments, one of them being its use
as a bio-sensor. The diversity of silk materials offers various options,
giving scientists the freedom to choose from and personalize them as per
their needs. In this review, we foremost look upon the composition,
production, properties, and various morphologies of silk. The numerous
applications of silk and its derivatives for fabricating biosensors to
detect small molecules, macromolecules, and cells have been explored
comprehensively. Also, the data from various globally developed sensors
using silk have been described into organized tables for each category
of molecules, along with their important analytical details.