This paper introduces a VDD generator for the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) passive Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag, consisting of an RF-limiter, an NMOS rectifier, a DC-limiter, and a regulator. The proposed NMOS rectifier utilizes diode-connected native NMOS transistors with ultralow-threshold voltage instead of Schottky diodes. The theoretical equations for predicting the performance of the VDD generator are provided and verified by both simulation results in 90 nm CMOS process. The proposed VDD generator generates a 1.19-V stable output voltage with low-power dissipation and a 26.96% larger power conversion efficiency under conditions of 50 Ω antenna, 900 MHz, −23 dBm input power and 1 M DC output load. The chip area of the proposed VDD generator is only 105 × 85 μm. The simulation results indicated that the presented novel VDD generator is capable to provide efficient, stable, and input-independent power supply for Passive UHF RFID tag
Design and Characterization of Non-planar 3D-printed Passive UHF-RFID Tag