Introduced the working principle of active magnetic bearing unit and took the electric spindle with 5.5kW for example, finite element analysis of the magnetic fields of radical magnetic bearing was analyzed through finite element analysis by ANSYS software to find out the variation of magnetic field distribution and affecting factors. Analysis results showed that radical magnetic bearing had small leakage magnetic field, the principal axis’ maximum offset from the ideal center line was 0.0025mm and the principal axis had superior radical running accuracy when the circularity of supporting journal on principal axis was 0.003mm, the unilateral air-gap value was 0.3mm while the principal axis suspended normally and the inside track’ circularity of magnetic pole was 0.007mm. It can meet the working requirements of precision machine tool. The research results provided theoretical basis for structural optimization of the active magnetic bearing unit.