<p>The reliability evaluation of the predicted
binding constants in numerous models is also a challenge for supramolecular host-guest chemistry. Here, I
briefly formulate binding isotherm with the derivation of the multivalent
equilibrium model for the chemist who wants to
determine the binding constants of their compounds. This article gives
an in-depth understanding of the stoichiometry of binding equilibrium to take
divalent binding equilibria bearing two structurally identical binding sites as an example.
The stoichiometry of binding equilibrium is affected by (1) the cooperativity
of complex, (2) the concentration of titration media, and (3) the equivalents
of guests. The simulations were conducted with simple Python
codes.</p>