scholarly journals Dynamic niche partitioning in root water uptake facilitates efficient water use in more diverse grassland plant communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Guderle ◽  
Dörte Bachmann ◽  
Alexandru Milcu ◽  
Annette Gockele ◽  
Marcel Bechmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Efficient Water Use

scholarly journals Estimating the Root Water Uptake of Surface-Irrigated Apples Using Water Stable Isotopes and the Hydrus-1D Model

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijian Zheng ◽  
Juanjuan Ma ◽  
Xihuan Sun ◽  
Xianghong Guo ◽  
Qiyun Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
1D Model ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Hydrus 1D

The future production of irrigated fruit orchards in the Loess Plateau of China is threatened by a shortage of freshwater. To improve water use efficiency under conditions where irrigation is limited, it is necessary to quantify the root water uptake (RWU) of apple trees. The RWU of apple trees was estimated under surface irrigation using water stable isotope technology and the Hydrus-1D model. Using the Romero-Saltos and IsoSource models, the stable isotopes of water in stems, different soil depths, and different precipitation were analyzed in a 5-year-old dwarfing apple orchard during two seasons 2016 and 2017. Hydrus-1D model was able to simulate the RWU of apple using the maximum coefficient of determination (0.9), providing a root mean square error of 0.019 cm3 cm−3 and a relative error of 2.25%. The results showed that the main depth of RWU ranged from 0–60 cm during the growth season, with the main contribution occurring in the 0–40 cm depth. These findings indicated that reducing the traditional surface irrigation depth will be important for improving the irrigation water use efficiency.

scholarly journals Morphological and Physiological Plant Responses to Drought Stress inThymus citriodorus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdzislaw Attila Tátrai ◽  
Rabab Sanoubar ◽  
Zsuzsanna Pluhár ◽  
Silvia Mancarella ◽  
Francesco Orsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Mild Stress

Water availability is considered as a determinant factor that affects plant growth. The commercial medicinal values of an aromatic plant rely on the presence of secondary metabolites that are affected under water shortage. Two-year-oldThymus citriodorusplants were subjected to different polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) levels (0, 2%, and 4%) under greenhouse condition. PEG treatment lasted for 15 days. Thyme plant showed a morphological drought avoidance mechanism by maintaining the root system development through shoot fresh weight reduction resulting in promoted root absorption capacity and sustained plant growth. Moreover, stressed plants were able to maintain water use efficiency and root : shoot ratio suggesting a strong relation between root water uptake and water use saving strategies. Furthermore, thyme plants reduced tissue dehydration through stomatal closure and improved root water uptake. Content of volatile oil constituents of geraniol and diisobutyl phthalate increased upon drought stress while pseudophytol was reduced. Unexpectedly, thymol was not reported as a main oil element under either control or mild stress condition, while it was increased upon high drought stress in measure of 4.4%. Finally, carvacrol significantly accumulated under high drought stress (+31.7%) as compared to control plants.

Effects of irrigation frequency under limited irrigation on root water uptake, yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Shao ◽  
Xiying Zhang ◽  
Suying Chen ◽  
Hongyong Sun ◽  
Zhenhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Differences between two grain sorghum genotypes in adaptation to drought stress. II. Root water uptake and water use

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Wright ◽  
RCG Smith
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Adaptation To Drought

A study of two sorghum hybrids, E-57 and TX-671, indicated that differences in grain yield under conditions of low rainfall were associated with increased extraction of soil water at depth. E-57 used less water before anthesis than did TX-671, which was more than compensated for by increased water use after anthesis. As soil water declined in a drying cycle, TX-671 tended to restrict its water use at a higher water content than E-57. The implication of these results is discussed.

scholarly journals How Elevated CO2 Shifts Root Water Uptake Pattern of Crop? Lessons from Climate Chamber Experiments and Isotopic Tracing Technique

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3194
Author(s):  
Ying Ma ◽  
Yali Wu ◽  
Xianfang Song
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Climate Chamber ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Isotopic Tracing ◽  
Soil Water Resources

Root water uptake plays an important role in water transport and carbon cycle among Groundwater–Soil–Plant–Atmosphere–Continuum. The acclimation of crops under elevated carbon dioxide concentrations (eCO2) depends greatly on their capability to exploit soil water resources. Quantifying root water uptake and its relationship with crop growth under eCO2 remains challenging. This study observed maize growth subjected to current CO2 (400 ppm) and eCO2 (700 ppm) treatments via a device combined with a climate chamber and weighing lysimeters. Root water uptake patterns were determined based on the isotopic tracing technique. The main water uptake depth shifted from 0−20 cm under current treatment to 20−40 cm under eCO2 at the seedling growth stage. Maize took up 22.7% and 15.4% more soil water from a main uptake depth of 40−80 cm at jointing and tasseling stages in response to eCO2, respectively. More soil water (8.0%) was absorbed from the 80−140 cm layer at the filling stage under eCO2. Soil water contributions at the main uptake depth during seedling stage were negatively associated with leaf transpiration rate (Tr), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and leaf area index (LAI) under both treatments, whereas significant positive correlations in the 40−80 cm layer under current treatment shifted to the 80−140 cm layer by eCO2. Deep soil water benefited to improve Tr, Pn and LAI under both treatments. No significant correlation between soil water contributions in each layer and leaf water use efficiency was induced by eCO2. This study enhanced our knowledge of crop water use acclimation to future eCO2 and provides insights into agricultural water management.

Dynamics of root water uptake and water use efficiency under alternate partial root-zone irrigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (13-15) ◽  
pp. 2805-2810 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.X. Li ◽  
X.G. Zhou ◽  
J.S. Sun ◽  
H.Z. Wang ◽  
Y Gao
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Use Efficiency
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