Biological and molecular evidence for the transmission of aster yellows phytoplasma to French marigold ( Tagetes patula ) by the flatid planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Emese Mergenthaler ◽  
József Fodor ◽  
Emese Kiss ◽  
Dominika Bodnár ◽  
Balázs Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

scholarly journals Seasonal Patterns of Aster Leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Abundance and Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Infectivity in Wisconsin Carrot Fields

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Frost ◽  
P. D. Esker ◽  
R. Van Haren ◽  
L. Kotolski ◽  
R. L. Groves
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Aster Leafhopper ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

scholarly journals First Report of an Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Associated with Cabbage in Southern Texas

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-M. Lee ◽  
R. A. Dane ◽  
M. C. Black ◽  
Noel Troxclair
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

In early spring 2000 carrot crops in southwestern Texas were severely infected by an outbreak of phyllody associated with aster yellows phytoplasma. Cabbage crops that had been planted adjacent to these carrot fields began to display previously unobserved symptoms characteristic of phytoplasma infection. Symptoms included purple discoloration in leaf veins and at the outer edges of leaves on cabbage heads. Proliferation of sprouts also occurred at the base of the stem and between leaf layers of some plants, and sprouts sometimes continued to proliferate on extended stems. About 5% of cabbage plants in the field exhibited these symptoms. Two symptomless and four symptomatic cabbage heads were collected in early April from one cabbage field. Veinal tissues were stripped from each sample and used for total nucleic acid extraction. To obtain specific and sufficient amount of PCR products for analysis, nested PCR was performed by using primer pairs (first with P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2) (1,2) universal for phytoplasma detection. A specific 16S rDNA fragment (about 1.2 kb) was strongly amplified from the four symptomatic but not from the two asymptomatic samples. The nested PCR products obtained from the four symptomatic samples were then analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using the restriction enzymes MseI, HhaI, and HpaII, and the RFLP patterns were compared to the published patterns of known phytoplasmas (1). The resulting RFLP patterns were identical to those of a phytoplasma belonging to subgroup B of the aster yellows phytoplasma group (16SrI). These RFLP patterns were also evident in putative restriction sites observed in a 1.5 kbp nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA. This is the first report of aster yellows phytoplasma associated disease symptoms in cabbage in Texas. The occurrence of cabbage proliferation coincided with the presence of high populations of the insect vector, aster leafhopper. References: (1) I.-M. Lee et al. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48:1153, 1998. (2) B. Schneider et al. 1995. Molecular and Diagnostic Procedures in Mycoplasmology, Vol. I. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

Molecular and microscopical detection of aster yellows phytoplasma associated with infected parsnip

2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-H. Khadhair ◽  
I.R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Identified in Scentless Chamomile by Microscopical Examinations and Molecular Characterization

1999 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-H. Khadhair ◽  
A. McClay ◽  
S.-F. Hwang ◽  
S. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

scholarly journals Genetic Variation Among Geographically Disparate Isolates of Aster Yellows Phytoplasma in the Contiguous United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 604-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Clements ◽  
Marjorie Garcia ◽  
Benjamin Bradford ◽  
Linda Crubaugh ◽  
Shannon Piper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Effector Genes ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Northern United States ◽  
Macrosteles Quadrilineatus ◽  
Aster Leafhopper ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Aster Yellows phytoplasma (AYp; Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris) is associated with diseases of herbaceous plants, including ornamentals and important commercial vegetable and grain crops. The aster leafhopper (ALH; Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes) is the predominant vector of these bacteria, though other leafhopper species can acquire and transmit AYp. Potentially inoculative leafhoppers are reported to overwinter in the southern United States and migrate to northern latitudes in the spring. Examining the genetic similarities and differences in AYp associated with southern and northern populations of ALH may provide insight into the role that migrating ALH play in AYp disease development. To investigate similarities among geographically distinct populations of ALH and characterize the variation in AYp associated within these populations, we identified genetic variations in subgroup designation and the relative proportions of secreted AY-WB proteins from field-collected populations of AYp isolated from ALH from select locations in the southern (Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) and the northern United States (Wisconsin) in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Isolated phytoplasma were tested for variation of AYp genotypes, numbers of potentially inoculative (AYp-positive) ALH, and presence of specific AYp virulence (effector) genes. Geographically distinct populations of ALH collected in northern and southern regions were similar in CO1 genotype but carried different proportions of AYp genotypes. While similar AYp strains were detected in geographically distinct locations, the proportion of each genotype varied over time.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Aster Leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Abundance and Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Infectivity in Wisconsin Carrot Fields

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Frost ◽  
P. D. Esker ◽  
R. Van Haren ◽  
L. Kotolski ◽  
R. L. Groves
Keyword(s):  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Aster Leafhopper ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

Detection and Variability of Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Titer in Its Insect Vector, Macrosteles quadrilineatus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1800-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Frost ◽  
D. K. Willis ◽  
R. L. Groves
Keyword(s):  
Insect Vector ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Macrosteles Quadrilineatus ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

scholarly journals Detection of aster yellows phytoplasma in false flax based on PCR and RFLP

2001 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-H. Khadhair ◽  
J.P. Tewari ◽  
R.J. Howard ◽  
V.H. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Aster Yellows ◽  
False Flax ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma

scholarly journals Elucidation of the Roles of Blackcurrant reversion virus and Phytoplasma in the Etiology of Full Blossom Disease in Currants

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 832-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Špak ◽  
Darina Kubelková ◽  
Jaroslava Přibylová ◽  
Vlastimila Špaková ◽  
Karel Petrzik
Keyword(s):  
Causal Agent ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Reversion Virus ◽  
Aster Yellows Phytoplasma ◽  
Yellow Petal ◽  
Red Currant

To determine the roles of phytoplasmas and Blackcurrant reversion virus (BRV) in the etiology of full blossom disease (FBD), we conducted graft and dodder transmission experiments. Scions from FBD-affected Ribes rubrum were grafted onto red currants, white currants, and black currants. Red and white cultivars revealed symptoms of FBD, whereas blackcurrant displayed symptoms of BRV. No differences in symptoms were observed between plants infected with BRV only and those infected with BRV and phytoplasma. Aster yellows phytoplasma subgroup 16SrI-C was transferred from FBD-infected red currants to periwinkle, where symptoms of green and yellow petal were observed. Back-transmission of phytoplasma to currant seedlings of red and black currant was not successful. Scions of periwinkle infected with aster yellows phytoplasmas of subgroup 16SrI-C and 16SrI-B, which were bottle-, bark-, and approach-grafted onto seedlings of red and black currant, resulted in positive but symptomless transmission of phytoplasma to red currant. We conclude that FBD symptoms are induced by BRV rather than by phytoplasma, which was originally described as the causal agent of FBD.

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