scholarly journals Protein translation, proteolysis and autophagy in human skeletal muscle atrophy after spinal cord injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. e13051 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Lundell ◽  
M. Savikj ◽  
E. Kostovski ◽  
P. O. Iversen ◽  
J. R. Zierath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses of spinal cord injury-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHI-JIAN WEI ◽  
XIAN-HU ZHOU ◽  
BAO-YOU FAN ◽  
WEI LIN ◽  
YI-MING REN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Pharmacologic approaches to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy after spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Dana M. Otzel ◽  
Hui Jean Kok ◽  
Zachary A. Graham ◽  
Elisabeth R. Barton ◽  
Joshua F. Yarrow
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals SCIPA Switch-On: A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Efficacy and Safety of Functional Electrical Stimulation–Assisted Cycling and Passive Cycling Initiated Early After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary P. Galea ◽  
Maya G. Panisset ◽  
Doa El-Ansary ◽  
Sarah A. Dunlop ◽  
Ruth Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Anthropometric Parameter ◽  
Cord Injury

Background. Substantial skeletal muscle atrophy after spinal cord injury (SCI) carries significant repercussions for functional recovery and longer-term health. Objective. To compare the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of functional electrical stimulation–assisted cycling (FESC) and passive cycling (PC) to attenuate muscle atrophy after acute SCI. Methods. This multicenter, assessor-blinded phase I/II trial randomized participants at 4 weeks post-SCI to FESC or PC (4 sessions per week, 1 hour maximum per session, over 12 weeks). The primary outcome measure was mean maximum cross-sectional area (CSA) of thigh and calf muscles (magnetic resonance imaging), and secondary outcome measures comprised body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), anthropometry, quality of life, and adverse events (AEs). Results. Of 24 participants, 19 completed the 12-week trial (10 FESC, 9 PC, 18 male). Those participants completed >80% of training sessions (FESC, 83.5%; PC, 85.9%). No significant between-group difference in postintervention muscle CSA was found. No significant between-group difference was found for any other tissue, anthropometric parameter, or behavioral variable or AEs. Six participants experienced thigh hypertrophy (FESC = 3; PC = 3). Atrophy was attenuated (<30%) in 15 cases (FESC = 7; PC = 8). Conclusions. Both cycle ergometry regimens examined were safe, feasible, and well tolerated early after SCI. No conclusions regarding efficacy can be drawn from our data. Further investigation of both modalities early after SCI is required.

scholarly journals Myokines in Home-Based Functional Electrical Stimulation-Induced Recovery of Skeletal Muscle in Elderly and Permanent Denervation

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Sajer ◽  
Giulio Sauro Guardiero ◽  
Bianca Maria Scicchitano
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Cord Injury

Neuromuscular disorders, disuse, inadequate nutrition, metabolic diseases, cancer and aging produce muscle atrophy and this implies that there are different types of molecular triggers and signaling pathways for muscle wasting. Exercise and muscle contractions may counteract muscle atrophy by releasing a group of peptides, termed myokines, to protect the functionality and to enhance the exercise capacity of skeletal muscle. In this review, we are looking at the role of myokines in the recovery of permanent denervated and elderly skeletal muscle tissue. Since sub-clinical denervation events contribute to both atrophy and the decreased contractile speed of aged muscle, we saw a parallel to spinal cord injury and decided to look at both groups together. The muscle from lifelong active seniors has more muscle bulk and more slow fiber-type groupings than those of sedentary seniors, demonstrating that physical activity maintains slow motoneurons that reinnervate the transiently denervated muscle fibers. Furthermore, we summarized the evidence that muscle degeneration occur with irreversible Conus and Cauda Equina syndrome, a spinal cord injury in which the human leg muscles may be permanently disconnected from the peripheral nervous system. In these patients, suffering with an estreme case of muscle disuse, a complete loss of muscle fibers occurs within five to ten years after injury. Their recovered tetanic contractility, induced by home-based Functional Electrical Stimulation, can restore the muscle size and function in compliant Spinal Cord Injury patients, allowing them to perform electrical stimulation-supported stand-up training. Myokines are produced and released by muscle fibers under contraction and exert both local and systemic effects. Changes in patterns of myokine secretion, particularly of IGF-1 isoforms, occur in long-term Spinal Cord Injury persons and also in very aged people. Their modulation in Spinal Cord Injury and late aging are also key factors of home-based Functional Electrical Stimulation - mediated muscle recovery. Thus, Functional Electrical Stimulation should be prescribed in critical care units and nursing facilities, if persons are unable or reluctant to exercise. This will result in less frequent hospitalizations and a reduced burden on patients’ families and public health services.

Regulation of translation factors during hindlimb unloading and denervation of skeletal muscle in rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (1) ◽  
pp. C179-C187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy A. Hornberger ◽  
R. Bridge Hunter ◽  
Susan C. Kandarian ◽  
Karyn A. Esser
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Translation Factors ◽  
Ribosomal S6 Kinase

In the rat, denervation and hindlimb unloading are two commonly employed models used to study skeletal muscle atrophy. In these models, muscle atrophy is generally produced by a decrease in protein synthesis and an increase in protein degradation. The decrease in protein synthesis has been suggested to occur by an inhibition at the level of protein translation. To better characterize the regulation of protein translation, we investigated the changes that occur in various translation initiation and elongation factors. We demonstrated that both hindlimb unloading and denervation produce alterations in the phosphorylation and/or total amount of the 70-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α-subunit, and eukaryotic elongation factor 2. Our findings indicate that the regulation of these protein translation factors differs between the models of atrophy studied and between the muscles evaluated (e.g., soleus vs. extensor digitorum longus).

scholarly journals Congenital exercise ability ameliorates muscle atrophy but not spinal cord recovery in spinal cord injury mouse model

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1549-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-An Tai ◽  
Yi-Ju Hsu ◽  
Wen-Ching Huang ◽  
Chun-Hao Chang ◽  
Yi-Hsun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Cord Injury
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