Digital games can provide fun, motivating, and challenging experiences for students in the classroom. Recent research on educational games has shown that game play can positively influence academic achievement, engagement, and 21st century skills (Abdul Jabbar & Felicia, 2015; Qian
& Clark, 2016). When playing games, students solve problems, collaborate with peers, and practice new skills—all within a digital environment. There are multiple games that simulate preparing and serving food. Generally, players are tasked to prepare food based on the requests of
customers. Ingredients are processed on different tables or appliances, and final dishes are delivered to customers. Players who fail to complete recipes correctly or take too long during preparation may negatively influence customers' expectations. Although games vary in quality and applicability
to the classroom, many address components of the Food Service and Production standard to "integrate knowledge, skills, and practices required for careers in food production and services" (National Association of State Administrators of Family and Consumer Sciences [NASAFACS], 2018, p.1).
Factors contributing to high rates of out-of-field teaching in Iowa's middle school family and consumer sciences programs
