Role of T-regulatory cells in the response to hepatitis B vaccine in hemodialysis patients

Abstract Background An estimated 5–10 % of healthy vaccinees lack adequate antibody response following receipt of a standard three-dose hepatitis B vaccination regimen. The cellular mechanisms responsible for poor immunological responses to hepatitis B vaccine have not been fully elucidated to date. Methods There were 61 low responders and 56 hyper responders involved in our study. Peripheral blood samples were mainly collected at D7, D14 and D28 after revaccinated with a further dose of 20 µg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Results We found low responders to the hepatitis B vaccine presented lower frequencies of circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells, plasmablasts and a profound skewing away from cTfh2 and cTfh17 cells both toward cTfh1 cells. Importantly, the skewing of Tfh cell subsets correlated with IL-21 and protective antibody titers. Based on the key role of microRNAs involved in Tfh cell differentiation, we revealed miR-19b-1 and miR-92a-1 correlated with the cTfh cell subsets distribution and antibody production. Conclusions Our findings highlighted a decrease in cTfh cells and specific subset skewing contribute to reduced antibody responses in low responders.

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T-cell tolerance and the multi-functional role of IL-2R signaling in T-regulatory cells

Immunological Reviews ◽

10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01004.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 241 (1) ◽

pp. 63-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 117

Author(s):

Guoyan Cheng ◽

Aixin Yu ◽

Thomas R. Malek

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Functional Role ◽

T Regulatory Cells ◽

T Cell Tolerance ◽

Cell Tolerance ◽

Regulatory Cells

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Immune Disorders in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: What Do We Know So Far?

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2015/979167 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Aleksandra Pyzik ◽

Ewelina Grywalska ◽

Beata Matyjaszek-Matuszek ◽

Jacek Roliński

Keyword(s):

Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽

T Regulatory Cells ◽

Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽

Regulatory Cells ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Immune Disorders ◽

Cd4 Cells ◽

Immune Defect

This review of literature attempts to identify the factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto thyroiditis, an immune defect in an individual with genetic susceptibility accompanied with environmental factors. The frequency of Hashimoto’s disease is a growing trend and among Caucasians it is estimated at approximately 5%. The dysfunction of the gland may be clinically evident (0.1–2% of the population) or subclinical (10–15%). The pathology is diagnosed five to ten times more often in women than men and its incidence increases with the age (the peak of the number of cases is between 45 and 65); however, it can also be diagnosed in children. The pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is still not fully comprehended. In the etiology of Hashimoto thyroiditis excessively stimulated T CD4+ cells are known to play the most important role. Recent research has demonstrated an increasing role of newly discovered cells such as Th17 (CD4+IL-17+) or T regulatory cells (CD4+CD25+highFoxP3+) in the induction of autoimmune disorders. The process of programmed cell death also plays an equally important role in the pathogenesis and the development of hypothyroidism.

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