scholarly journals Circulating Tfh cell and subsets distribution are associated with low‐responsiveness to hepatitis B vaccination

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingjuan Yin ◽  
Yongzhen Xiong ◽  
Dongmei Liang ◽  
Hao Tang ◽  
Qian Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Follicular Helper ◽  
Low Responders ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Antibody Titers

Abstract Background An estimated 5–10 % of healthy vaccinees lack adequate antibody response following receipt of a standard three-dose hepatitis B vaccination regimen. The cellular mechanisms responsible for poor immunological responses to hepatitis B vaccine have not been fully elucidated to date. Methods There were 61 low responders and 56 hyper responders involved in our study. Peripheral blood samples were mainly collected at D7, D14 and D28 after revaccinated with a further dose of 20 µg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Results We found low responders to the hepatitis B vaccine presented lower frequencies of circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells, plasmablasts and a profound skewing away from cTfh2 and cTfh17 cells both toward cTfh1 cells. Importantly, the skewing of Tfh cell subsets correlated with IL-21 and protective antibody titers. Based on the key role of microRNAs involved in Tfh cell differentiation, we revealed miR-19b-1 and miR-92a-1 correlated with the cTfh cell subsets distribution and antibody production. Conclusions Our findings highlighted a decrease in cTfh cells and specific subset skewing contribute to reduced antibody responses in low responders.

scholarly journals Impact of vaccination in the reduction of hepatitis B in Paraná

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila PUDELCO ◽  
Andreia Eloize KOEHLER ◽  
Lúcia Helena Linheira BISETTO
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Role Of Nursing ◽  
The Impact

This study identified the impact of hepatitis B vaccine over reducing incidence of this disease in Paraná State, between 2001 and 2011, and discussed the role of nursing in immunization. Descriptive documental and quantitative research. Utilized secondary data of hepatitis B, between 2001 and 2011 and vaccination coverage of hepatitis B vaccine between 1995 and 2011 in Paraná State, available in DATASUS, SINAN and Immunization Programs. Data has been collected from May to July 2012. Included cases of hepatitis B confirmed by laboratory testing. Of the 14,434 selected cases, 81,8% was in urban residents, 86,5% belonged to 20 to 59 age group and 45,3% were infected by sexual transmission. In the correlation of vaccine coverage with the incidence, was identified reducing this rate in the range of 0 to 9 years old, in places with vaccination coverage's above 95%. It concludes that hepatitis B vaccination had impact over disease reduction in Paraná State.

Risk of Exposure, Perception and Vaccination Status of Chronic Viral Hepatitis among Health Care Workers in Benue State, North Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
A S Obekpa ◽  
A O Malu ◽  
R Bello ◽  
M Duguru
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Needle Prick ◽  
Needle Prick Injury

Health care workers are high-risk group for contracting hepatitis B and C virus infections. Hepatitis B and C can be contracted in the hospital setting by needle prick injury, contact with blood (and body fluids) and during invasive medical procedures. This study aims to assess the risk of exposure, the concern or perception of healthcare workers about getting infected (with HBV and/or HCV) from the workplace and the level of HBV vaccination uptake among them. The study was carried out during a capacity building workshop organized for health care workers from all the Local Government Areas in Benue State. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 168 participants in attendance, after obtaining verbal consent. One hundred and thirty-eight (138) questionnaires were properly filled and returned, 115 (83.3%) have had needle prick injury, 127 (92%) have had blood spilling on them and 118 (85.5%) have been involved in the management of hepatitis patients. One hundred and nineteen (86.2%) were afraid of contracting hepatitis infection from their place of work, 133 (96.4%) were aware of hepatitis B vaccine for adult, 87 (63%) had received at least one dose of hepatitis B vaccine but only 56 (40.6%) received the complete three doses. Health care workers in Benue State are aware of the risk of contracting viral hepatitis at their workplace and are concerned about this risk. However, the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among them remains poor.

scholarly journals Effect of a Community-Based Hepatitis B Virus Infection Detection Combined with Vaccination Program in China

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Xinyao Liu ◽  
Wuqi Qiu ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Qian Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Community Based ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Series Completion ◽  
And Control

Evidence on the effectiveness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection screening and vaccination programs remains rare in China. We used a quasi-experimental method, propensity score matching, to evaluate the effects of a community-based HBV infection detection combined with vaccination (HBVIDV) program in a pilot. Data were retrieved from the HBVIDV program implemented between July 2019 and June 2020. Outcomes were the difference between the treatment and control groups in hepatitis B vaccination (≥1 dose), hepatitis B vaccine series completion (≥3 doses), and serologic evidence of vaccine-mediated immunity. Altogether, 26,180 individuals were included, where 6160 (23.5%) individuals were assigned to the treatment group, and 20,020 (76.5%) individuals were assigned to the control group. After propensity score matching, 5793 individuals were matched. The rates of hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B vaccine series completion, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity in the treatment and control groups were 29.0% vs. 17.8%, 22.1% vs. 13.1%, and 38.2% vs. 27.6%, respectively. The HBVIDV program was significantly associated with increased hepatitis B vaccination rate (OR, 1.884, 95% CI 1.725–2.057), hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate (OR, 1.872, 95% CI 1.696–2.065), and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity (OR, 1.623, 95% CI 1.501–1.755). The greater magnitude of association between HBVIDV program and outcomes was observed among adults aged 35–54 years and adults who live in rural areas. The HBVIDV program was effective in increasing the hepatitis B vaccination rate, hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity among adults in the pilot. Further focusing the program on special populations and regions may produce more effective results.

A Hepatitis B Vaccination Program in a Community Teaching Hospital

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron J. Tong ◽  
Ann M. Howard ◽  
Gary C. Schatz ◽  
Mark A. Kane ◽  
Deborah A. Roskamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Anamnestic Response ◽  
Low Level ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Fourth Dose ◽  
Hb Vaccine

AbstractPrior to offering the hepatitis B (HB) vaccine, a prescreen for hepatitis B virus (HBV) antibodies was conducted in a 565 bed hospital in Pasadena, California. Antibodies to the hepatitis B virus were detected in 14.5% of 1,745 employees tested. There was a significantly higher prevalence in those with a previous history of hepatitis, blood transfusions, exposure to nee-dlesticks, number of years in the same occupation, and in the same hospital work area. Employees of Asian extraction (33.3%) and blacks (23.1%) had a higher prevalence of antibodies to the hepatitis B virus than Hispanics (13.7%) and whites (10.2%). Anti-HBs was detected in 92.6% of 865 employees who received three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine. Only 28.6% of nonresponders receiving a fourth dose of hepatitis B vaccine produced anti-HBs. The nonresponders to the HB vaccine were older (average age 64.9 years) when compared to the responders (average age 37.5 years), and more males failed to produce anti-HBs after vaccination than females. Hepatitis B vaccination of the majority of individuals with either “low level” anti-HBs alone or anti-HBc alone did not elicit an anamnestic response after one dose of vaccine, implying that these “low level” antibodies are nonspecific and do not represent antiviral antibodies. Adverse reactions to the hepatitis B vaccine were minor and included a flulike syndrome, sore arm, and rash and swelling at the injection site. The reasons for nonparticipation were obtained from 179 individuals, and the main issue was concern about safety of the hepatitis B vaccine.

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND ANTI HBS ANTIBODY LEVELS AMONGST HEALTH CARE WORKERS AND MEDICAL STUDENTS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Aditya Rana ◽  
Anuradha Sood
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: Hepatitis B(HBV) is a blood borne virus and it is one of the most important occupational hazards among healthcare workers (HCWs) & Medical students. This study aimed to measure the anti-HBs titres and to assess the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B in HCW and medical students. It was a prospective,descriptive and cross sectional hospital base Material and method: d study. Medical students and healthcare workers who had received all three doses of hepatitis B vaccination were included in the study. A total of 200 subjects , aged between 18 and Result: 62 years were taken. 182 were vaccinated and 18 were unvaccinated. 85 were males and 115 females. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B was nil. Antibody titres were >100mIU/ml in 51.6% , 10-100mIU/ml in 16.4% & <10 mIU/ml in 31.8% respectively.Negative correlation of decreasing antibiotic titer and age was seen. HCW and medical students are at hi Conclusion: gher risk due to their continuous exposure to blood products. Vaccination should be compulsory to the HCW and medical workers in the institution as Hepatitis B is a preventable disease. Monitoring of antibody titers should be done from time to time to see waning off antibody titers after vaccination

scholarly journals Revaccination of non- and low- responders after a standard three dose hepatitis B vaccine schedule

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1845-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Han ◽  
Xiaoping Shao ◽  
Huizhen Zheng ◽  
Chenggang Wu ◽  
Jianqiong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Low Responders ◽  
Vaccine Schedule

scholarly journals 286. Hepatitis B Vaccine Compliance: Comparing 2-Dose and 3-Dose Vaccines

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S156-S156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Bruxvoort ◽  
Jeff Slezak ◽  
Runxin Huang ◽  
Lina S Sy ◽  
William Towner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Full Cohort ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Series Completion ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Background Less than 1 in 3 US adults who initiated the 3-dose (0, 1, 6 months) hepatitis B vaccine series have completed it. HepB-CpG (Heplisav-B; Dynavax) is a new licensed adjuvanted vaccine that requires only 2 doses (0, 1 month). As part of a cluster study performed at Kaiser Permanente Southern California, we compared compliance with second dose and series completion for HepB-CpG vs. comparator vaccine (Engerix-B; GlaxoSmithKline) recipients. Methods The cohort included adults not on dialysis who received their first dose of hepatitis B vaccine in family or internal medicine departments from 8/7/2018 to 2/1/2019. Second dose compliance was assessed for the full cohort, but series completion was assessed for a subset vaccinated from August 7, 2018 to September 30, 2018 to allow at least 6 months’ follow-up. Compliance rates were estimated using the Kaplan Meier method. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression with robust variance to account for within medical center correlation, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, census block income and education, prior healthcare utilization, and factors that trigger alerts for hepatitis B vaccination (diabetes and testing for sexually transmitted infections). Results There were 6500 HepB-CpG and 7733 comparator vaccine recipients (1,442 and 2,604 prior to September 30, 2018). Rates of second dose compliance at 60 days were 32.9% for HepB-CpG and 29.1% for comparator vaccine, and rates of series completion at 210 days were 56.9% and 20.6%. There was no significant difference in second dose compliance (aHR 1.14, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.47), but HepB-CpG recipients were 5 times more likely to complete the series (aHR 5.17; 95% CI: 3.84, 6.98). Second dose compliance and series completion were significantly less likely among Blacks compared with Whites and significantly more likely among Asians, adults ≥60 years compared with those < 30 years, and adults living in census blocks with a median annual income of $40,000–69,000 compared with < $40,000. Conclusion Overall, second dose compliance was similar, but series completion was better for HepB-CpG recipients than comparator vaccine recipients, suggesting that the 2-dose vaccine could lead to improvements in coverage and protection against hepatitis B virus. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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