Acute and Long-Term Salt Depletion and β-blockade: Plasma Renin Activity Response and its Relation to Blood Pressure Reduction in Long-Term Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 203 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingolf Nielsen ◽  
Eva Steiness ◽  
Birger Hesse
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Pressure Reduction ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Salt Depletion

Increase of Total Body Potassium and Decrease of Exchangeable Sodium after Long-Term Treatment with a β-Receptor-Blocking Agent (Prindolol) in Essential Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 551s-554s
Author(s):  
H. M. Brecht ◽  
E. Werner ◽  
W. Schoeppe
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Total Body

1. The effect of long-term treatment with prindolol on blood pressure, total body potassium (Kt), exchangeable sodium (Nae) and plasma renin activity was investigated in twelve patients with essential hypertension. 2. Systolic and diastolic pressures were significantly reduced from 164/112 to 127/90 mmHg under basal conditions. 3. Before treatment Na. in patients with essential hypertension was significantly higher than in normotensive individuals. After an average of 16 weeks on prindolol Nae in patients with essential hypertension was significantly decreased, despite an average increase in body weight of 2 kg in the patients. 4. In contrast to the decrease in Nae, Kt was found to be significantly increased after long-term treatment with prindolol. Kt values of patients before and after prindolol, however, did not differ significantly from the corresponding sex- and age-dependent normal values. 5. Plasma renin activity was slightly diminished under basal and orthostatic conditions; the stimulatory effect of orthostasis was not abolished but reduced by prindolol. 6. It is suggested that the changes in sodium balance contribute to the anti-hypertensive effect of prindolol in patients with essential hypertension.

Glucocorticoid Inhibition of Mineralocorticoid Action in the Rat

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Kenyon ◽  
N. A. Saccoccio ◽  
D. J. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Physiological Dose ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

1. The mineralocorticoid activity of corticosterone based on acute changes in urinary Na+/K+ ratios in adrenalectomized rats was 1000 times less than that of aldosterone. However, corticosterone had only kaliuretic actions whereas aldosterone had both antinatriuretic and kaliuretic properties. Corticosterone inhibited the antinatriuretic actions of aldosterone. 2. Adrenalectomized rats infused continuously with a physiological dose of corticosterone (1 mg/day) were 5 times less sensitive to the antinatriuretic and 25 times less sensitive to the kaliuretic actions of aldosterone when administered acutely than were control adrenalectomized rats. 3. The long term effects of infusions of physiological doses of aldosterone and corticosterone were assessed in adrenalectomized rats maintained in metabolic cages. Aldosterone lowered plasma renin activity and reduced fluid (0.3% NaCl) intake; these effects were diminished when aldosterone and corticosterone were infused simultaneously. Plasma renin activity and fluid intake were correlated in long term infusion experiments. Both hormones had hypokalaemic effects but these were not additive. Corticosterone, but not aldosterone, increased systolic blood pressure and plasma sodium levels. 4. We conclude that glucocorticoid effects on water and electrolyte metabolism are different from those of mineralocorticoids, that glucocorticoids may antagonize mineralocorticoid effects and that interactions between mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids may be important in long term blood pressure regulation.

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