Biochemical studies in Niemann-Pick disease. III: In vitro and in vivo assays of sphingomyelin degradation in cultured skin fibroblasts and amniotic fluid cells for the diagnosis of the various forms of the disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie T. Vanier ◽  
Robert Rousson ◽  
Isabelle Garcia ◽  
Geneviève Bailloud ◽  
Marie-Christine Juge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Cultured Skin ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Pick Disease

Acid and neutral sphingomyelinases: roles and mechanisms of regulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Marchesini ◽  
Yusuf A Hannun
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Caveolin 1 ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Extracellular Stimuli ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Pick Disease

Ceramide, an emerging bioactive lipid and second messenger, is mainly generated by hydrolysis of sphingomyelin through the action of sphingomyelinases. At least two sphingomyelinases, neutral and acid sphingo myelinases, are activated in response to many extracellular stimuli. Despite extensive studies, the precise cellular function of each of these sphingomyelinases in sphingomyelin turnover and in the regulation of ceramide-mediated responses is not well understood. Therefore, it is essential to elucidate the factors and mechanisms that control the activation of acid and neutral sphingomyelinases to understand their the roles in cell regulation. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms that regulate these enzymes in vivo and in vitro, especially the roles of oxidants (glu ta thi one, peroxide, nitric oxide), proteins (saposin, caveolin 1, caspases), and lipids (diacylglycerol, arachidonic acid, and ceramide).Key words: sphingomyelinase, ceramide, apoptosis, Niemann-Pick disease, FAN (factor associated with N-SMase activation).

Optical non-invasive detection of Niemann-Pick disease in vitro and in vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 120 (1-2) ◽  
pp. S71
Author(s):  
Prakrit V. Jena ◽  
Thomas V. Galassi ◽  
Daniel Roxbury ◽  
Robert E. Schwartz ◽  
Frederick R. Maxfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Non Invasive ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Pick Disease

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of 6-O-α-Maltosyl-β-Cyclodextrin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent Against Niemann-Pick Disease Type C

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nushrat Yasmin ◽  
Yoichi Ishitsuka ◽  
Madoka Fukaura ◽  
Yusei Yamada ◽  
Shuichi Nakahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Cholesterol Trafficking ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Type C ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Pick Disease

Niemann-Pick disease Type C (NPC) is a rare lysosomal storage disease characterized by the dysfunction of intracellular cholesterol trafficking with progressive neurodegeneration and hepatomegaly. We evaluated the potential of 6-O-α-maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin (G2-β-CD) as a drug candidate against NPC. The physicochemical properties of G2-β-CD as an injectable agent were assessed, and molecular interactions between G2-β-CD and free cholesterol were studied by solubility analysis and two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The efficacy of G2-β-CD against NPC was evaluated using Npc1 deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and Npc1 deficient mice. G2-β-CD in aqueous solution showed relatively low viscosity and surface activity; characteristics suitable for developing injectable formulations. G2-β-CD formed higher-order inclusion complexes with free cholesterol. G2-β-CD attenuated dysfunction of intercellular cholesterol trafficking and lysosome volume in Npc1 deficient CHO cells in a concentration dependent manner. Weekly subcutaneous injections of G2-β-CD (2.9 mmol/kg) ameliorated abnormal cholesterol metabolism, hepatocytomegaly, and elevated serum transaminases in Npc1 deficient mice. In addition, a single cerebroventricular injection of G2-β-CD (21.4 μmol/kg) prevented Purkinje cell loss in the cerebellum, body weight loss, and motor dysfunction in Npc1 deficient mice. In summary, G2-β-CD possesses characteristics favorable for injectable formulations and has therapeutic potential against in vitro and in vivo NPC models.

Sphingomyelinase activities in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with Niemann-Pick disease

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoji Minami ◽  
Yoshiki Matsuura ◽  
Fukumi Nakamura ◽  
Tooru Kudoh ◽  
Hideaki Sogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Cultured Skin ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Pick Disease

scholarly journals Effect of Maltosyl-Beta-cyclodextrin on in vitro and in vivo models of Niemann-Pick disease type C

2018 ◽  
Vol WCP2018 (0) ◽  
pp. PO3-8-13
Author(s):  
Nushrat Yasmin ◽  
Yoichi Ishitsuka ◽  
Yusei Yamada ◽  
Madoka Fukaura ◽  
Shuichi Nakahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Type ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Beta Cyclodextrin ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Type C ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Pick Disease

scholarly journals Elucidating the mechanism of cyclodextrins in the treatment of Niemann-Pick Disease Type C using crosslinked 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Carradori ◽  
Hsintsung Chen ◽  
Beat Werner ◽  
Aagam Shah ◽  
Chiara Leonardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Type C ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Stable Forms ◽  
Pick Disease

AbstractNiemann-Pick Disease Type C (NPC) is a severe neurovisceral disorder that is pathophysiologically characterized by intracellular transport abnormalities leading to cytoplasmic accumulation of lipids such as cholesterol and multiple sphingolipids, including sphingosine. The compound 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) is a compound with high cholesterol complexation capacity and is currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of NPC. However, due to its short blood half-life, high doses are required to produce a therapeutic effect. It has been reported in mice that HPβCD’s circulation time and efficacy can be improved by increasing its size via polymerization, but the biodegradable nature of these systems did not allow the contribution of the macromolecule to the activity to be determined. In this work, stable forms of polymerized HPβCD were generated (via epichlorohydrin crosslinking) to investigate their in vitro mechanisms of action and in vivo effects. Crosslinked CDs (8-312 kDa) displayed a 10-fold greater complexation capacity towards cholesterol than monomeric HPβCD but were taken up by cells to a lower extent (in a size-dependent fashion), resulting in an overall comparable in vitro effect on intracellular cholesterol accumulation that was dependent on cholesterol complexation. When tested in vivo, the crosslinked 19.3 kDa HPβCD exhibited a longer terminal half-life than the monomeric HPβCD. However, it did not increase the life span of Npc1 mice, possibly due to reduced organ penetration and brain diffusion consequence of its large molecular weight. This could be circumvented by the application of magnetic resonance imaging-guided low intensity-pulsed focused ultrasound (MRIg-FUS), which increased the brain penetration of the CD. In conclusion, stable forms of polymerized HPβCD constitute valuable tools to elucidate CDs’ mechanism of action. Moreover, the use of MRIg-FUS to maximize CDs tissue penetration warrants further investigation, as it may be key to harnessing CDs full therapeutic potential in the treatment of NPC.Graphical abstractThe 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) is a well-established pharmaceutical excipient that can complex cholesterol and is currently under clinical investigation to treat Niemann-Pick Disease Type C (NPC). However, high doses of the drug are needed to achieve a therapeutic effect. Using stable and long circulating crosslinked HPβCDs, this study attempts to further understand the mechanisms behind CDs’ activity.

scholarly journals Metabolism of sphingomyelin in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with different types of Niemann-Pick disease.

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAO NAKASHIMA ◽  
TOORU KUDOH ◽  
KAZUKO SUKEGAWA ◽  
KOOTAROO MARUYAMA ◽  
TADAO ORII
Keyword(s):  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Cultured Skin ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Pick Disease

Alveolar lipoproteinosis in an acid sphingomyelinase-deficient mouse model of Niemann-Pick disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. L518-L525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Machiko Ikegami ◽  
Rajwinder Dhami ◽  
Edward H. Schuchman
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Acid Sphingomyelinase ◽  
Deficient Mouse ◽  
Niemann Pick Disease ◽  
Surfactant Inhibition ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
Surfactant Composition ◽  
Pick Disease

Types A and B Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) are lipid storage disorders caused by the deficient activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). In humans, NPD is associated with the dysfunction of numerous organs including the lung. Gene targeting of the ASM gene in transgenic mice produced an animal model with features typical of NPD, including pulmonary inflammation. To assess mechanisms by which ASM perturbed lung function, we studied lung morphology, surfactant content, and metabolism in ASM-deficient mice in vivo. Pulmonary inflammation, with increased cellular infiltrates and the accumulation of alveolar material, was associated with alterations in surfactant content. Saturated phosphatidylcholine (SatPC) content was increased twofold, and sphingomyelin content was increased 5.5-fold in lungs of the ASM knockout (ASMKO) mice. Additional sphingomyelin enhanced the sensitivity of surfactant inhibition by plasma proteins. Clearance of SatPC from the lungs of ASMKO mice was decreased. Catabolism of SatPC by alveolar macrophages from the ASMKO mouse was significantly decreased, likely accounting for decreased pulmonary SatPC in vivo. In summary, ASM is required for normal surfactant catabolism by alveolar macrophages in vivo. Alterations in surfactant composition, including increased sphingomyelin content, contributed to the abnormal surfactant function observed in the ASM-deficient mouse.

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