Clinical Aspects of Paediatric Blood Transfusion: Cellular Components

Tolerance to a vascularized allograft can be induced in adult animals by pregraft donor-specific blood transfusion (DST). Mechanisms underlying this effect appear to depend on unresponsiveness of alloreactive T-helper cells. In this study, we examined the roles of DST and cellular components of the allograft that are important in inducing T-cell unresponsiveness in a rat model. DST alone did not tolerize alloreactive recipient T-helper cells, but the combination of DST and heart allograft induced profound inhibition of the antidonor proliferative response in spleen but not in lymph node cells. When heart allografts were depleted of passenger leukocytes by pretreating the donor with cyclophosphamide or by parking the graft for 2 months in a tolerant recipient, tolerance induction in DST-treated recipients was abrogated. Tolerance could then be restored in a majority of DST-treated recipients of passenger leukocytes depleted grafts by injecting them at the time of grafting with donor, but not third-party, dendritic cells. This indicates that graft passenger leukocytes, most likely dendritic cells, are required for DST-induced allograft tolerance.

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Canine Ehrlichiosis in Africa

Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies - Combating and Controlling Nagana and Tick-Borne Diseases in Livestock ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-6433-2.ch013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 288-310

Author(s):

Jahashi Saidi Nzalawahe ◽

Erick . V. G. Komba ◽

Athumani Msalale Lupindu ◽

Adrian Evance Materu ◽

Abdul S. Katakweba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Supportive Therapy ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Clinical Disease ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Canine Ehrlichiosis ◽

Wild Canids ◽

Asymptomatic Infections

Canine ehrlichiosis is an infection of canids causing a clinical disease in domestic dogs and asymptomatic infections in wild canids. Currently, the disease assumes a cosmopolitan distribution. This chapter summarises published information on the disease from across Africa. Some studies were able to demonstrate experimental infections in these canids. Different diagnostic methods, cell culture, direct microscopy, serology, hematology, and molecular methods were employed in different studies for detection of ehrlichiosis. Treatment of the disease mainly involved use of oxytetracycline, doxycycline, imidocarb disproportionate, and levamisole. In severe cases, management has involved administration of supportive therapy such as blood transfusion. Generally, though available, the information on different aspects of the disease in the Africa is scant and fragmented. There is still a need to generate more information on the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical aspects, and treatment of the disease.

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Critical Requirement for Graft Passenger Leukocytes in Allograft Tolerance Induced by Donor Blood Transfusion

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v92.12.4539 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 92 (12) ◽

pp. 4539-4544 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Régis Josien ◽

Michèle Heslan ◽

Sophie Brouard ◽

Jean-Paul Soulillou ◽

Maria-Cristina Cuturi

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

T Helper Cells ◽

Tolerance Induction ◽

Third Party ◽

T Helper ◽

Helper Cells ◽

Passenger Leukocytes ◽

Critical Requirement ◽

Cellular Components

Abstract Tolerance to a vascularized allograft can be induced in adult animals by pregraft donor-specific blood transfusion (DST). Mechanisms underlying this effect appear to depend on unresponsiveness of alloreactive T-helper cells. In this study, we examined the roles of DST and cellular components of the allograft that are important in inducing T-cell unresponsiveness in a rat model. DST alone did not tolerize alloreactive recipient T-helper cells, but the combination of DST and heart allograft induced profound inhibition of the antidonor proliferative response in spleen but not in lymph node cells. When heart allografts were depleted of passenger leukocytes by pretreating the donor with cyclophosphamide or by parking the graft for 2 months in a tolerant recipient, tolerance induction in DST-treated recipients was abrogated. Tolerance could then be restored in a majority of DST-treated recipients of passenger leukocytes depleted grafts by injecting them at the time of grafting with donor, but not third-party, dendritic cells. This indicates that graft passenger leukocytes, most likely dendritic cells, are required for DST-induced allograft tolerance.

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Arthur Ernest Mourant. 11 April 1904 — 29 August 1994

Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society ◽

10.1098/rsbm.1999.0023 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 329-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gary P. Misson ◽

A. Clive Bishop ◽

Winifred M. Watkins

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Human Blood ◽

Medical Training ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Transfusion Medicine ◽

International Recognition ◽

Active Interest

Arthur Mourant had an unusual career in which he managed to combine his first passionate interest in geology and prehistory with his subsequent medical training and interest in the geographical and racial distribution of human blood-groups. Although it was the work associated with blood-groups that was to bring him international recognition, it was undoubtedly the anthropological rather than clinical aspects of blood-transfusion medicine that most appealed to his imagination. He was devoted to his native island of Jersey and throughout his life continued to take a lively and active interest in the geology and archaeology of the island.

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