Regional growth transition clubs in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breandán Ó'hUallacháin
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  

The global economy has slowed, with important consequences for growth prospects in Latin America and the Caribbean. The slowdown in economic activity has been broad-based among advanced economies and more pronounced in emerging markets and developing economies, partly reflecting trade and geopolitical tensions. Global growth is projected to decline to the lowest level since the global financial crises, before recovering in 2020. More importantly, growth is projected to decline in 2019–20 in the United States and China, which are LAC’s two main trading partners. The ongoing sluggishness of global growth and trade is affecting export growth in LAC, posing significant headwinds to the outlook. External demand for the region remains subdued, with trading partner growth (including China, Europe, other LAC countries, and the United States) projected to decline in 2019, before recovering modestly over the medium term. Moreover, commodity prices (notably energy and metals), key drivers of growth in LAC in the past, are projected to decline with a likely modest negative impact on regional growth going forward.


1979 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
J. H. Paterson ◽  
Bernard L. Weinstein ◽  
Robert E. Firestine

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
John Appert ◽  
Ege Can ◽  
Frank M. Fossen

<p xss=removed><span lang="EN-GB" xss=removed>We investigate regional growth regimes in the US states from 1980 to 2014. Based on start-up rates and employment growth as suggested by Audretsch and Fritsch (2002), we classify states into routinized, entrepreneurial, revolving door, and downsizing regimes. The results indicate that there was no significant association between start-up rates and employment growth in the 1980s, but a positive relationship in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s. Further, we document that the entrepreneurial and the downsizing regimes are attractor regimes that tend to stick, whereas the routinized and revolving door regimes are transitionary regimes. Importantly, states in the routinized regime predominantly move to the downsizing regime, suggesting that an over-reliance on established companies relative to start-ups in the state may threaten employment growth in the long run.</span><br></p>


2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay P. Graham ◽  
Keeve E. Nachman

Confined food-animal operations in the United States produce more than 40 times the amount of waste than human biosolids generated from US wastewater treatment plants. Unlike biosolids, which must meet regulatory standards for pathogen levels, vector attraction reduction and metal content, no treatment is required of waste from animal agriculture. This omission is of concern based on dramatic changes in livestock production over the past 50 years, which have resulted in large increases in animal waste and a high degree of geographic concentration of waste associated with the regional growth of industrial food-animal production. Regulatory measures have not kept pace with these changes. The purpose of this paper is to: 1) review trends that affect food-animal waste production in the United States, 2) assess risks associated with food-animal wastes, 3) contrast food-animal waste management practices to management practices for biosolids and 4) make recommendations based on existing and potential policy options to improve management of food-animal waste.


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