scholarly journals Performance of Fattening Pigs in a Farm Infected with Both Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Virus and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Following Sow and Piglet Vaccination with an Attenuated PRRS Vaccine

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Kritas ◽  
C. Alexopoulos ◽  
C. S. Kyriakis ◽  
E. Tzika ◽  
S. C. Kyriakis
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Prrs Virus ◽  
Fattening Pigs

scholarly journals Research of immune response in unvaccinated piglets against porcine circovirus type 2

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Ognjen Stevancevic ◽  
Nenad Stojanac ◽  
Aleksandar Potkonjak ◽  
Bozidar Savic ◽  
Ivan Stancic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Fattening Pigs

Infection of pigs caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is present throughout the world. The aim of this study was to determine, based on the follow-up of the class IgG titers in piglets and fattening pigs, the duration of colostral immunity against infections in pigs caused by PCV2. The study included 28 piglets, whose titer was determined by using indirect ELISA test in intervals up to 110 days of age. The observed average values of IgG in piglets aged 21 days (8.47 log2) and 35 days (6.69 log2) in our surveys indicate very high titers of maternal antibodies, and that the piglets at this age are, to some extent, protected from infection caused by PCV2. Absence of the specific anti PCV2 antibodies was determined in 14.29% (21 days old) and 15.38% (35 days old) piglets at this age. The average titer of antibodies, specific for PCV2, in blood serum of piglets on the 50th day decreased to 3.74 log2, what indicates that in the majority of piglets (61.54%) catabolism of colostral antibodies occurred. On the 80th day of the piglets life there were no seropositive specimens, which unambiguously indicates that in this age, there was a complete catabolism of colostral antibodies and the disappearance of passive immunity. In all the 110 days? old fattening pigs, an average antibody titer recorded a sharp rise (12.78 log2). Possible reasons for this sudden increase in PCV2 antibody titers in the blood serum of fattening pigs is is a widespread presence of this infection in our region, as well as the fact that there exists a part of pigs population which is not immune to PCV2 infection. The results of this research are important for choosing the optimal moment for vaccination, considering that high titers of colostral antibodies of class G on the 21st and 35th day of piglets? life have been proven. This data points out to a possible interference with vaccine immunogens in the case of vaccination in this particular age.

A study on the severity and relevance of porcine circovirus type 2 infections in Dutch fattening pigs with respiratory diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Wellenberg ◽  
F.T. Bouwkamp ◽  
P.J.v.d. Wolf ◽  
W.A.J.M. Swart ◽  
M.J. Mombarg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Fattening Pigs

Immunoenhancement of Recombinant Neisseria meningitides PorB Protein on Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Genetically Engineered Vaccines

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 776-784
Author(s):  
Rui Yang ◽  
Yu Tao ◽  
Gaojian Li ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Jianhong Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Neisseria Meningitides ◽  
Short Period

Background:Porcine circovirus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae can cause respiratory diseases in pigs, which cause serious economic loss in the worldwide pig industry. Currently, these infections are mainly prevented and controlled by vaccination. The new vaccines on the market are mainly composed of subunits and inactivated vaccines but usually have lower antigenicity than traditional live vaccines. Thus, there is an increasing need to develop new adjuvants that can cause rapid and long-lasting immunity to enhance the antigenic efficacy for vaccines. Studies have shown that meningococcal porin PorB can act as a ligand to combine with Toll-like receptors to activate the production of immunological projections and act as a vaccine immunological adjuvant.Objective:In this article, we expressed and purified the recombinant PorB protein and verified its immunogenicity against porcine circovirus type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae genetically engineered vaccine.Methods:In this article, we used prokaryotic expression to express and purify recombinant PorB protein, four different concentrations of PorB protein, Freund's adjuvant with two genetically engineered vaccines were combined with subcutaneous immunization of mice.Results:Our study shows that the appropriate dose of the recombinant protein PorB can enhance the levels of humoral and cellular responses induced by two genetically engineered vaccines in a short period of time in mice. The PorB adjuvant group may cause statistically higher antibody titers for both genetically engineered vaccines compared to Freund's commercial adjuvant (P<0.001).Conclusion:The recombinant protein PorB may be a good candidate adjuvant for improving the protective effect of vaccines against porcine circovirus type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and the protein can be used for future practical applications.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Virulence of Three Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Genotypes (a, b, and d) in Pigs Singularly Inoculated with PCV2 and Dually Inoculated with PCV2 and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Jeongmin Suh ◽  
Taehwan Oh ◽  
Keehwan Park ◽  
Siyeon Yang ◽  
Hyejean Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lesion Severity ◽  
Severe Lung

The aim of this study was to compare the virulence of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) genotypes in dually inoculated pigs with both three genotypes (a, b, and d) of PCV2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 (PRRSV-2) versus pigs singularly inoculated with the same three PCV2 genotypes (a, b, and d). Differences in this comparison were found in PCV2 viremia levels, lung and lymphoid lesion severity, and the amount of PCV2 antigen within the lymphoid lesions. Regardless of PCV2 genotypes, pigs that were dually inoculated with PCV2/PRRSV had significantly higher clinical scores, less average daily weight gain, higher levels of PCV2 viremia, and more severe lug and lymphoid lesions compared to pigs singularly inoculated with PCV2. Among the dually infected pig groups, pigs infected with PCV2d/PRRSV-2 had significantly higher levels of PCV2 viremia, more severe lung and lymphoid lesions, and more PCV2-positive cells within lymphoid lesions compared to pigs dually inoculated with PCV2a/PRRSV-2 and PCV2b/PRRSV-2. The results of this study demonstrated significant differences in the virulence among dual inoculation of PCV2a/PRRSV-2, PCV2b/PRRSV-2, and PCV2d/PRRSV-2. A significant difference in the virulence among PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d single-inoculated pig groups was not found with respect to the levels of PCV2 viremia and production of PCV2-associated lymphoid lesions.

scholarly journals Discriminating the eight genotypes of the porcine circovirus type 2 with TaqMan-based real-time PCR

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Kathrin Link ◽  
Matthias Eddicks ◽  
Liangliang Nan ◽  
Mathias Ritzmann ◽  
Gerd Sutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Locked Nucleic Acid ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Amplification Efficiency ◽  
Pcr Assays

Abstract Background The porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is divided into eight genotypes including the previously described genotypes PCV2a to PCV2f and the two new genotypes PCV2g and PCV2h. PCV2 genotyping has become an important task in molecular epidemiology and to advance research on the prophylaxis and pathogenesis of PCV2 associated diseases. Standard genotyping of PCV2 is based on the sequencing of the viral genome or at least of the open reading frame 2. Although, the circovirus genome is small, classical sequencing is time consuming, expensive, less sensitive and less compatible with mass testing compared with modern real-time PCR assays. Here we report about a new PCV2 genotyping method using qPCR. Methods Based on the analysis of several hundred PCV2 full genome sequences, we identified PCV2 genotype specific sequences or single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We designed six TaqMan PCR assays that are specific for single genotypes PCV2a to PCV2f and two qPCRs targeting two genotypes simultaneously (PCV2g/PCV2d and PCV2h/PCV2c). To improve specific binding of oligonucleotide primers and TaqMan probes, we used locked nucleic acid technology. We evaluated amplification efficiency, diagnostic sensitivity and tested assay specificity for the respective genotypes. Results All eight PCV2 genotype specific qPCRs demonstrated appropriate amplification efficiencies between 91 and 97%. Testing samples from an epidemiological field study demonstrated a diagnostic sensitivity of the respective genotype specific qPCR that was comparable to a highly sensitive pan-PCV2 qPCR system. Genotype specificity of most qPCRs was excellent. Limited unspecific signals were obtained when a high viral load of PCV2b was tested with qPCRs targeting PCV2d or PCV2g. The same was true for the PCV2a specific qPCR when high copy numbers of PCV2d were tested. The qPCR targeting PCV2h/PCV2c showed some minor cross-reaction with PCV2d, PCV2f and PCV2g. Conclusion Genotyping of PCV2 is important for routine diagnosis as well as for epidemiological studies. The introduced genotyping qPCR system is ideal for mass testing and should be a valuable complement to PCV2 sequencing, especially in the case of simultaneous infections with multiple PCV2 genotypes, subclinically infected animals or research studies that require large sample numbers.

scholarly journals Epidemiological investigation of porcine circovirus type 2 and its coinfection rate in Shandong province in China from 2015 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zicheng Ma ◽  
Mengda Liu ◽  
Zhaohu Liu ◽  
Fanliang Meng ◽  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudorabies Virus ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Diarrhea Virus

Abstract Background Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the crucial swine viral pathogens, caused porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD). Shandong province is one of the most important pork producing areas and bears a considerable economic loss due to PCVAD. However, there is limited information on epidemiology and coinfection rate of PCV2 with other critical swine diseases in this area, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), Pseudorabies virus (PRV), and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Results Overall, 89.59% serum samples and 36.98% tissue samples were positive for PCV2 specified ELISA and PCR positive for PCV2, respectively. The coinfection rates of PCV2 with PRRSV, PRV, CSFV, and PEDV were 26.73%, 18.37%, 13.06%, and 3.47%, respectively. Moreover, genetic characteristic of PCV2 were analyzed based on the cap genes showing that PCV2d is the dominant sub-genotype circulating in the province. Conclusions Our findings reveal that PCV2d, as the dominant strain, is prevailing in pig farms in Shandong province at high levels. There was a high frequency of coinfection of PCV2 and PRRSV.

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