Age, Education, and Changes in the Mini-Mental State Exam Scores of Older Women: Findings from the Nun Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Butler ◽  
J. Wesson Ashford ◽  
David A. Snowdon
1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Etchells ◽  
Mark R. Katz ◽  
Miriam Shuchman ◽  
Gordon Wong ◽  
Steven Workman ◽  
...  

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Murden ◽  
Thomas D. McRae ◽  
Steven Kaner ◽  
Mary E. Bucknam

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy M. Anderson ◽  
Perminder S. Sachdev ◽  
Henry Brodaty ◽  
Julian N. Trollor ◽  
Gavin Andrews

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
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Habibollah Nemati Karimooy ◽  
Mahmoud Hosseini ◽  
Maryam Nemati ◽  
Habib Ollah Esmaily

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P18-P18
Author(s):  
M. Hammond ◽  
M. Evans ◽  
S. O'Keefe ◽  
M. Lye

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
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Alice M. Arnold ◽  
Anne B. Newman ◽  
Norma Dermond ◽  
Mary Haan ◽  
Annette Fitzpatrick

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. Holtsberg ◽  
Leonard W. Poon ◽  
Carol A. Noble ◽  
Peter Martin

Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores for 247 community-dwelling, well-functioning individuals in their 60s (n = 88), in their 80s (n = 92), and 100 or older (n = 67) were compared to examine overall and component MMSE differences. The concomitant influences of visual or literacy deficits, gender, education, race, income, and activities of daily living on MMSE performance were analyzed. Mean MMSE scores of 27.8, 27.1, and 24.8, respectively, for the three cohorts were significantly different, even when all concomitant variables were controlled. After the concomitant variables were controlled, results indicated that there were no age group differences on five MMSE items: naming, repeating, listening and obeying, reading and obeying, and writing sentences. Participants with visual or literacy deficits scored 1.5 points lower than other partimcipants, and displayed performance deficits in four items form the Read & Write MMSE division: naming, reading and obeying, writing sentences, and praxis. Education and gender were significant covariates for total and divisional MMSE scores.


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