Gastrointestinal: Sarcina ventriculi complicating gastric stasis

Evidence suggests that distinct mechanisms underlie diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis. Differences in gastric acid in gastroparesis of different etiologies and varying degrees of gastric stasis are uninvestigated. We tested the hypotheses that 1) gastric pH profiles show differential alteration in diabetic vs. idiopathic gastroparesis and 2) abnormal pH profiles relate to the severity of gastric stasis. Sixty-four healthy control subjects and 44 gastroparesis patients (20 diabetic, 24 idiopathic) swallowed wireless transmitting capsules and then consumed99mTc-sulfur colloid-labeled meals for gastric scintigraphy. Gastric pH from the capsule was recorded every 5 s. Basal pH was higher in diabetic (3.64 ± 0.41) vs. control subjects (1.90 ± 0.18) and idiopathic subjects (2.41 ± 0.42; P < 0.05). Meals evoked initial pH increases that were greater in diabetic (4.98 ± 0.32) than idiopathic patients (3.89 ± 0.39; P = 0.03) but not control subjects (4.48 ± 0.14). pH nadirs prior to gastric capsule evacuation were higher in diabetic patients (1.50 ± 0.23) than control subjects (0.58 ± 0.11; P = 0.003). Four-hour gastric retention was similar in diabetic (18.3 ± 0.5%) and idiopathic (19.4 ± 0.5%) patients but higher than control subjects (2.2 ± 0.5%; P < 0.001). Compared with control subjects, those with moderate-severe stasis (>20% retention at 4 h) had higher basal (3.91 ± 0.55) and nadir pH (2.23 ± 0.42) values ( P < 0.05). In subgroup analyses, both diabetic and idiopathic patients with moderate-severe gastroparesis exhibited increased pH parameters vs. those with mild gastroparesis. In conclusion, diabetic patients with gastroparesis exhibit reduced gastric acid, an effect more pronounced in those with severely delayed gastric emptying. Idiopathic gastroparetic subjects exhibit nearly normal acid profiles, although those with severely delayed emptying show reduced acid vs. those with mild delays. Thus both etiology and degree of gastric stasis determine gastric acidity in gastroparesis.

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Mesenteric thrombosis in patient victim of blunt abdominal trauma

ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s0102-67202008000200013 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 98-99

Author(s):

Iwan Augusto Collaço ◽

Allan Cezar Diorio ◽

Adonis Nasr ◽

Fernanda Cristina da Silva ◽

William Augusto Casteleins Cecílio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Trauma ◽

Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽

Terminal Ileum ◽

Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽

Primary Anastomosis ◽

Electric Activity ◽

Right Colon ◽

Gastric Stasis ◽

Car Accident ◽

Mesenteric Thrombosis

INTRODUCTION: Mesenteric thrombosis related to trauma is an uncommon entity and has poor prognosis when associated to low perfusion and hemorrhagic shock. Usually presents a challenging diagnosis and high mortality rates, despite appropriate treatment. OBJECTIVE: To relate a case of a car accident and blunt abdominal trauma with terminal ileum and right colon necrosis. CASE REPORT: After initial procedures, complementary exams showed ribs and humerus fractures. Computerized tomography evidenced aerial distension in small bowel, gastric stasis and hidro-pneumothorax. Hypotension was observed during clinical observation followed by cardiopulmonary arrest, responding to reanimation. At surgery, it was found extensive necrosis of right colon and terminal ileum, and an ileum-transversostomy was performed with primary anastomosis. During the staying in intensive care unit, oliguria, miosis, convulsion and pulseless electric activity happened with death in three days after hospital admission. CONCLUSION: Although uncommon, mesenteric ischemia with venous thrombosis might be secondary to blunt abdominal trauma and must be considered in a bad abdominal evolution.

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Fermentation of arabinose to ethanol by Sarcina ventriculi

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/bf00256448 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 161-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Robert K. Finn ◽

Stephanie Bringer ◽

Hermann Sahm

Keyword(s):

Sarcina Ventriculi

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Sarcina ventriculi in an Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration of a Perigastric Lymph Node with Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Carry-Through Contaminant Bacterial Microorganism from the Stomach

Case Reports in Pathology ◽

10.1155/2021/4933279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Bharat Nandakumar ◽

Diva R. Salomao ◽

Nicholas A. Boire ◽

Audrey N. Schuetz ◽

Charles D. Sturgis

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Outlet Obstruction ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Sarcina Ventriculi ◽

Transgastric Approach

Sarcina ventriculi is a rare gram-positive coccus increasingly reported in patients with a history of delayed gastric emptying or gastric outlet obstruction and is sometimes seen in association with emphysematous gastritis and perforation. We report a case of a 67-year-old male who presented with epigastric pain. CT imaging and cholangiopancreatography were concerning for pancreatic neoplasia. Upper endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of a perigastric lymph node confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma of pancreatic origin, and cocci arranged in a tetrad fashions characteristic of Sarcina ventriculi were noted. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Sarcina ventriculi in an FNA of metastatic pancreatic carcinoma in a perigastric lymph node. These organisms likely represent carry-through contaminants from the transgastric approach of the endoscopic FNA.

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VII. Kleinere Mittheilungen. 5. Verstopfung des Pylorus durch Sarcina ventriculi

Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin Band 107 ◽

10.1515/9783112388341-011 ◽

1887 ◽

pp. 198-206

Author(s):

C. M. Richter

Keyword(s):

Sarcina Ventriculi

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Dyspepsia, antral motor dysfunction, and gastric stasis of solids

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/0016-5085(80)90589-2 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 360-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

W.D.W. Rees ◽

L.J. Miller ◽

Juan-R. Malagelada

Keyword(s):

Motor Dysfunction ◽

Gastric Stasis

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Emphysematous Gastritis Associated with Sarcina ventriculi

Case Reports in Gastroenterology ◽

10.1159/000499446 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 207-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kevin Singh

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Significant Morbidity ◽

Sarcina Ventriculi ◽

Emphysematous Gastritis ◽

Gastrointestinal Emergency

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare and lethal gastrointestinal emergency if not promptly identified and managed. In rare cases, emphysematous gastritis is associated with Sarcina ventriculi infection, usually in patients with delayed gastric emptying. Here we report a lethal case of S. ventriculi-associated emphysematous gastritis in the absence of delayed gastric emptying in which the diagnosis was confirmed postmortem. This case provides an opportunity to review the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management of emphysematous gastritis so that the condition can be promptly diagnosed and managed to prevent significant morbidity and mortality.

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