scholarly journals Mechanism of validamycin A inhibiting DON biosynthesis and synergizing with DMI fungicides against Fusarium graminearum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanhong Bian ◽  
Yabing Duan ◽  
Qian Xiu ◽  
Jueyu Wang ◽  
Xian Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Validamycin A ◽  
Dmi Fungicides

The FgCYP51B Y123H mutation confers reduced sensitivity to prochloraz and is important for conidiation and ascospore development in Fusarium graminearum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxiang Zhao ◽  
Mengyu Chi ◽  
Huilin Sun ◽  
Hengwei Qian ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Important Amino Acid ◽  
Ascospore Development ◽  
Dmi Fungicides ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Dmi Resistance

Fusarium graminearum is one of the most important causal agent of Fusarium Head Blight disease and now were controlled mainly by chemicals such as DMI fungicides. FgCYP51B is one of the DMI targets in F. graminearum and Tyrosine123 is an important amino acid in Fusarium graminearum CYP51B, located in one of the predicted substrate binding pockets based on the binding mode between demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) and CYP51B. Previous study suggests that resistance to DMI fungicides is primarily attributed to point mutations in the CYP51 gene and that the Y123H mutation in F. verticillioides CYP51 confers prochloraz resistance in the laboratory. To investigate the function of FgCYP51B Y123 residue in the growth and development, pathogenicity, and DMI-resistance, the FgCYP51B Y123H mutant was generated and analyzed. Results revealed that Y123H mutation led to reduced conidial sporulation and affected ascospore development and moreover, the mutation conferred reduced sensitivity to prochloraz. The qPCR and molecular docking were performed to investigate the resistance mechanism. Results indicated that Y123H mutation changed the target gene expression and decreased the binding affinity of FgCYP51 to prochloraz. These results will attract more attention to the potential DMI-resistant mutation of F. graminearum and further deepen our understanding of the DMI resistance mechanism.

Validamycin A enhances the interaction between neutral trehalase and 14‑3‑3 protein Bmh1 in Fusarium graminearum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ren ◽  
Yi-Ping Hou ◽  
Yuanye Zhu ◽  
Fei-Fei Zhao ◽  
Yabing Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Enzyme Activation ◽  
Hog Pathway ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Validamycin A ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
External Stresses ◽  
External Stimuli

Trehalase is considered the main target of the biological fungicide validamycin A, and toxicology mechanism of validamycin A is unknown. 14-3-3 proteins, highly conserved proteins, participate in diverse cellular processes, including enzyme activation, protein localization and molecular chaperone. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the 14-3-3 protein Bmh1could interact with Nth1 to respond specific external stimuli. Here, we characterized FgNth, FgBmh1, and FgBmh2 in Fusarium graminearum. ΔFgNth, ΔFgBmh1, and ΔFgBmh2 displayed great growth defects when compared to wild-type PH-1. When exposed to validamycin A, high osmotic and high temperature stresses, ΔFgNth, ΔFgBmh1, and ΔFgBmh2 showed more tolerance than WT. Both ΔFgNth and ΔFgBmh1 displayed reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) production but opposite for ΔFgBmh2, and all three deletion mutants showed reduced virulence on wheat coleoptiles. In addition, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments suggested that FgBmh1 and FgBmh2 both interact with FgNth, but no interaction was detected between FgBmh1 and FgBmh2 in our experiments. Further, validamycin A enhances the interaction between FgBmh1 and FgNth in a positive correlation under concentrations of 1-100μg/mL. Besides, both high osmotic and high temperature stresses promote the interaction between FgBmh1 and FgNth. Co-IP assay also showed that neither FgBmh1 nor FgBmh2 could interact with FgPbs2, a MAPKK kinase in the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway. However, FgBmh2 but not FgBmh1 binds to the heat shock protein FgHsp70 in F. graminearum. Taken together, our results demonstrate that FgNth and FgBmhs are involved in growth, responces to external stresses and virulence, and validamycin A enhanced the interaction between FgNth and FgBmh1in F. graminearum.

scholarly journals In vitro sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum isolates to fungicides

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aveline Avozani ◽  
Rosane Baldiga Tonin ◽  
Erlei Melo Reis ◽  
Juliane Camera ◽  
Camila Ranzi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Quinone Outside Inhibitor ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Dmi Fungicides ◽  
Different Origins

Head blight of wheat is a disease of global importance. In Brazil, it can cause damage of up to 27%. As resistant cultivars are not available yet, short-term disease control relies on the use of fungicides. The first step to reach effective management is to identify potent fungicides. In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) for mycelial growth or conidial germination, according to the chemical group of fungicides, of five Fusarium graminearum isolates of different origins. The following demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides were tested: epoxiconazole, cyproconazole, metconazole, prochloraz, protioconazole and tebuconazole. In addition, azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin were included in the study, representing Quinone outside inhibitor fungicides (QoI), as well as a tubulin synthesis inhibitor, carbendazim and two ready mixtures, trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole or trifloxistrobin + prothioconazole. DMI's showed lower IC50 values compared to the QoI's. For the five tested isolates, in the overall mean, IC50 considering mycelial growth ranged for DMI's from 0.01 mg/L (metconazole, prochloraz and prothioconazole) to 0.12 mg/L (cyproconazole) and considering conidial germination for QoI's from 0.21 mg/L (azoxystrobin) to 1.33 mg/L (trifloxystrobin). The IC50 for carbendazim was 0.07 mg/L. All tested isolates can be considered sensitive to the studied DMI's, although certain differences in sensitivity could be detected between the isolates originating from one same state.

scholarly journals In vitro sensitivity reduction of Fusarium graminearum to DMI and QoI fungicides

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aveline Avozani ◽  
Erlei Melo Reis ◽  
Rosane Baldiga Tonin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Qoi Fungicides ◽  
Dmi Fungicides ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Demethylation Inhibitor

In Brazil, Fusarium head blight (FHB) affecting wheat can cause up to 39.8% damage. Resistant cultivars are not available yet; thus, short-term disease control relies on the use of fungicides. The first step to improve control is to monitor fungal populations that are sensitivity to chemicals in order to achieve efficient FHB management. In vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of fungicides for both mycelial growth and conidial germination of ten Fusarium graminearum isolates. The following demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides were tested: metconazole, prothioconazole and tebuconazole. In addition, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin were included, representing QoI fungicides, as well as three co-formulations containing metconazole + pyraclostrobin, prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin. For mycelial growth, the overall mean IC50 of isolates was: metconazole 0.07, prothioconazole 0.1, and tebuconazole 0.19 mg/L. For the co-formulations, it was: prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin 0.08, tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin 0.12, and metconazole + pyraclostrobin 0.14 mg/L. Regarding spore germination inhibition, IC50 for prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin was 0.06, for tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin, 0.12 mg/L, for QoI alone pyraclostrobin, was 0.09, and for trifloxystrobin, 0.28 mg/L. There was a sensitivity shift among isolates and the highest fungitoxicity to F. graminearum was confirmed for prothioconazole, metconazole and tebuconazole .

Detoxification of zearalenone produced by Fusarium graminearum by purified tannase from Citrobacter freundii

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-008
Author(s):  
Nsayef Muslim Sahira ◽  
◽  
N. Mahammed Alaa ◽  
M.S. AL_Kadmy Israa ◽  
Nsayef Muslim Sraa
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii

Механизмы устойчивости к фунгицидам фитопатогенного гриба Fusarium graminearum

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
Г. Д. Соколова ◽  
А. П. Глинушкин
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum

Einfluss der Vorfrucht auf das Fusarium-Spektrum und die Mykotoxinkontamination in Körnern von Winterweizen

2011 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Ruben Gödecke ◽  
Andreas von Tiedemann
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum

In dreijährigen Fruchtfolgeversuchen an zwei Standorten nördlich von Göttingen wurde der Einfluss der Vorfrüchte Mais, Zuckerrübe und Weizen auf den Ährenbefall, die Mykotoxinbelastung und die Zusammensetzung der Fusariumpopulation an Ähren in der Folgefrucht Winterweizen untersucht. In den Versuchsjahren 2007, 2008 und 2009 traten witterungsbedingt unterschiedliche Bedingungen für Fusarium-Ähreninfektionen in Weizen auf. Beim Vergleich der gewichteten Faktoreffekte zeigte sich die dominierende Bedeutung der Witterung auf den Mykotoxingehalt in den Körnern. Die Deoxynivalenolgehalte auf beiden Standorten unterschieden sich signifikant, die relativen Standorteffekte waren unabhängig von den Versuchsjahren. Im Gegensatz dazu variierten die Faktoreffekte der drei Vorfruchtvarianten Mais, Winterweizen und Zuckerrübe zwischen den Befallsjahren. In einem durchschnittlichen Befallsjahr wie 2009 war eine Differenzierung zwischen allen drei Vorfruchtvarianten möglich. In einem Starkbefallsjahr wie 2007 unterschieden sich die Getreideproben aus den Vorfruchtvarianten Zuckerrübe und Winterweizen hinsichtlich ihres Mykotoxingehaltes jedoch nicht signifikant, eine Differenzierung war nur zu den Proben der Vorfruchtvariante Mais möglich. Die Zusammensetzung der Pilzpopulation an den Ähren zeigte, dass Fusarium graminearum unabhängig von der Vorfrucht und dem Jahreseffekt als Leitpathogen auftrat. Aus den vorliegenden Untersuchungen kann gefolgert werden, dass die relative Vorfruchtwirkung von Zuckerrübe und Weizen auf den Mykotoxingehalt in der Folgefrucht Winterweizen von der saisonalen Jahreswitterung und dem daraus resultierenden Befallsdruck mit Ährenfusarium abhängig ist. Die Ursachen, die in Risikojahren zu unerwartet erhöhten Mykotoxingrenzwerten auch nach Zuckerrüben führen können, müssen im Einzelnen noch aufgeklärt werden.

Assays for Oxidative Responses of Fusarium graminearum Strains to Superoxide Radicals

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Zhang Wang ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Wei-Hua Tang
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Superoxide Radicals ◽  
Oxidative Responses

Perithecium Formation and Ascospore Discharge in Fusarium graminearum

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Guo ◽  
Wan-Qian Wei ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Wei-Hua Tang
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Ascospore Discharge
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