Study of the Variation of Catalyst Loading in Cathode for SPEEK/CSMM Membrane in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC)

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Rosli ◽  
M. N. A. Mohd-Norddin ◽  
J. Jaafar ◽  
R. Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Direct Methanol

Variation of anode catalyst loading for modified sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) with charged surface modifying macromolecules (cSMM) membrane was studied, in order to get the higher performance in DMFC. The best optimal anode catalyst loading was 4 mgcm-2 for 30% Pt/Ru based on our previous result for this application.  The modified SPEEK/CSMM membrane was characterized to ensure of its better performance in term of water uptake and methanol permeability. In cathode side, the effect of 5% and 10% Pd/C  in 2,4 and 6 mgcm-2 of catalyst loading has been investigated with a fuel cell assembly. The preparation method of catalyst ink and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was based on Dr. Blade method and hot pressing by using catalyzed diffusion media (CDM) method. The air flowrates were varied from 25-1000ml min-1, while 1M methanol concentrations, 1 ml min-1 of methanol flowrate and 60°C operating temperature were kept constant. These parameters were tested on the performance of single cell DMFC with 4 cm2 electrodes.The optimization catalyst loading will enhance the DMFC performance.  It was found, the best optimal cathode catalyst loading was 4 mgcm-2 for 10% Pd/C with  4 mgcm-2 for 30% Pt/Ru in anode side for this application. 

scholarly journals Unprecedented SPEEK-trimetal Oxide Composites: Physicochemical and Electrochemical Performance in Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandhimathi Sivasubramanian ◽  
Senthil Andavan Gurusamy Thangavelu ◽  
Berlina Maria Mahimai ◽  
Krishnan Hariharasubramanian ◽  
PARADESI DEIVANAYAGAM
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Oxide Composites

Abstract Advanced polymer composite membranes were prepared from a linear sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) with bismuth cobalt zinc oxide [BCZO, (Bi2O3)0.07(CoO)0.03(ZnO)0.90] nanopowder as an inorganic additive for the application of H2-O2 fuel cell. Morphology data tend to provide evidences for the incorporation of BCZO into SPEEK polymer. Indeed, composite membrane loaded with 7.5 wt.% of BCZO was identified to uptake maximum water, while the pristine SPEEK membrane occurred to retain only 24.0 %. As such SPEEK matrix loaded with 7.5 wt.% of BCZO was found to exhibit the maximum proton conductivity of 0.030 S cm-1, whereas the pristine membrane was restricted to 0.021 S cm-1. Evidently, TGA profile of the composite membrane was measured to exhibit sufficient thermal stability to employ as electrolyte in fuel cell. The membrane electrode assembly of pristine SPEEK and SP-BCZO-7.5 wt.% membranes were fabricated and studied for their electrochemical performance. Indeed, the characteristics of newly developed composite membranes led to possess incredible feature towards fuel cell applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) Blended with Charged Surface Modifying Macromolecule Membrane for DMFCs

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mayahi ◽  
J. Jaafar ◽  
M. N. A. Mohd Norddin ◽  
H. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Charged Surface ◽  
Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

The purpose of this research was to determine the behavior of modified sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) with degree of sulfonation (DS) 68% blended by charged surface modifying macromolecule (cSMM) at different operating temperatures (room to 80°C) for direct methanol fuel cell application. The fabricated SPEEK (68)/cSMM membrane was compared with SPEEK (68) and Nafion112 membranes in terms of water uptake, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability at relatively high temperatures. The water uptake of SPEEK (68)/ cSMM was higher than that of SPEEK (68) and Nafion112 over the temperature ranges studied; however it was dissolved at 80°C. Proton conductivity of SPEEK (68)/cSMM showed improvement compared to SPEEK (68) at temperature range, but still lower than Nafion112, moreover methanol permeability behavior of fabricated membrane was lower at high temperatures as compared to that of SPEEK and Nafion112 and better overall performance was allocated to the fabricated membrane at 60°C.These results indicate that SPEEK (68)/cSMM membrane is promising to be used as a proton exchange membrane in direct methanol fuel cell.

A Novel Structure of Membrane Electrode Assembly for DMFC

2009 ◽  
Vol 60-61 ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
Chun Guang Suo ◽  
Xiao Wei Liu ◽  
Xi Lian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Anode Side ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key component of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), the structure and its preparation methods may bring great effects on the cell performances. Due to the requirement of the high performance of the MEA for the micro direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), we provide a novel double-catalyst layer MEA using CCM-GDE (Catalyst Coated Membrane，CCM；Gas Diffusion Electrode，GDE) fabrication method. The double-catalyst layer is formed with an inner catalyst layer (in anode side: PtRu black as catalyst, in cathode side: Pt black as catalyst) and an outer catalyst layer (in anode side: PtRu/C as catalyst, in cathode side: Pt/C as catalyst). The fabrication procedures are important to the new structured MEA, thus three kinds of fabrication methods are studied, including CCM-GDE, GDE-Membrane and CCM-GDL methods. It was found that the CCM-GDE technology may enhance the contact properties between the catalyst and PEM, and increase the electrode reaction areas, resulted in increasing the performance of the DMFC.

Novel nanocomposite membrane based on Fe3O4@TDI@TiO2–SO3H: hydration, mechanical and DMFC study

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (20) ◽  
pp. 16855-16862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Amoozadeh ◽  
Hourieh Mazdarani ◽  
Hossein Beydaghi ◽  
Elham Tabrizian ◽  
Mehran Javanbakht
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Nanocomposite Membrane ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

In this paper, a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/SO3H-functionalized magnetic-titania (SPEEK/Fe3O4@TDI@TiO2–SO3H) nanocomposite membrane is synthesized with the aim of reducing methanol permeability as well as improving the proton conductivity and selectivity of pristine polymer to be used instead of Nafion in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).

Characterization of Electrode with Various of Pt-Ru/C Catalyst Loading and the Performance Test of Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) in Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 558-565
Author(s):  
Dwi Hawa Yulianti ◽  
Dedi Rohendi ◽  
Nirwan Syarif ◽  
Addy Rachmat
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) is the most important component in fuel cell devices. Electrodes composing MEA greatly determine the performance and durability of its application in passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC). Fabrication and characterization of electrodes with various loading Pt-Ru/C catalysts and their application to DMFC have been carried out. The XRD characterization results indicate the presence of C atoms which are indicated by the appearance of peaks at angles 2θ = 25°-30°. In areas, 44.4° and 45.1° indicate the presence of Ru even with low intensity and platinum in the area of 54.67°, 39.86°, 54.736°, 39.88°, and 68.3°. The highest ECSA value and electrical conductivity and low resistance showed the best catalytic activity possessed by electrodes with the loading of Pt-Ru/C catalyst 10 mg/cm2. MEA with a catalyst loading of 8 mg/cm2 is known to have a fairly large initial voltage before the load is given based on the results of Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) measurements. The MEA performance was observed based on I-V and I-P performance tests using the SMART2 WonAtech Fuel Cell Test Station on passive DMFC stacks with 3 M methanol as fuel. The best MEA shown in MEA with catalyst loading is 10 mg/cm2 because it can maintain and achieve a voltage and power density that is quite higher than other MEAs in each load increase in the form of current density.

Critique and Improvement of a One-Dimensional Semianalytical Model of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Kuo ◽  
W. E. Lear ◽  
J. H. Fletcher ◽  
O. D. Crisalle
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polarization Curve ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Implicit Equation ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

A constructive critique and a suite of proposed improvements for a recent one-dimensional semianalytical model of a direct methanol fuel cell are presented for the purpose of improving the predictive ability of the modeling approach. The model produces a polarization curve for a fuel cell system comprised of a single membrane-electrode assembly, based on a semianalytical one-dimensional solution of the steady-state methanol concentration profile across relevant layers of the membrane electrode assembly. The first improvement proposed is a more precise numerical solution method for an implicit equation that describes the overall current density, leading to better convergence properties. A second improvement is a new technique for identifying the maximum achievable current density, an important piece of information necessary to avoid divergence of the implicit-equation solver. Third, a modeling improvement is introduced through the adoption of a linear ion-conductivity model that enhances the ability to better match experimental polarization-curve data at high current densities. Fourth, a systematic method is advanced for extracting anodic and cathodic transfer-coefficient parameters from experimental data via a least-squares regression procedure, eliminating a potentially significant parameter estimation error. Finally, this study determines that the methanol concentration boundary condition imposed on the membrane side of the membrane-cathode interface plays a critical role in the model’s ability to predict the limiting current density. Furthermore, the study argues for the need to carry out additional experimental work to identify more meaningful boundary concentration values realized by the cell.

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