scholarly journals GABA is a modulator, rather than a classical transmitter, in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body–lateral superior olive sound localization circuit

2019 ◽  
Vol 597 (8) ◽  
pp. 2269-2295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander U. Fischer ◽  
Nicolas I. C. Müller ◽  
Thomas Deller ◽  
Domenico Del Turco ◽  
Jonas O. Fisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Trapezoid Body

scholarly journals GABAB and Trk Receptor Signaling Mediates Long-Lasting Inhibitory Synaptic Depression

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibhakar C. Kotak ◽  
Christopher DiMattina ◽  
Dan H. Sanes
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Depression ◽  
Inhibitory Synapses ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Dependent Form ◽  
Early Expression ◽  
Neurotrophin Signaling ◽  
Trapezoid Body

In many areas of the nervous system, excitatory and inhibitory synapses are reconfigured during early development. We have previously described the anatomical refinement of an inhibitory projection from the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body to the lateral superior olive in the developing gerbil auditory brain stem. Furthermore, these inhibitory synapses display an age-dependent form of long-lasting depression when activated at a low rate, suggesting that this process could support inhibitory synaptic refinement. Since the inhibitory synapses release both glycine and GABA during maturation, we tested whether GABAB receptor signaling could initiate the decrease in synaptic strength. When whole cell recordings were made from lateral superior olive neurons in a brain slice preparation, the long-lasting depression of medial nucleus of the trapezoid body–evoked inhibitory potentials was eliminated by the GABABreceptor antagonist, SCH-50911. In addition, inhibitory potentials could be depressed by repeated exposure to the GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen. Since GABAB receptor signaling may not account entirely for inhibitory synaptic depression, we examined the influence of neurotrophin signaling pathways located in the developing superior olive. Bath application of brain-derived neurotrophic factor or neurotrophin-3 depressed evoked inhibitory potentials, and use-dependent depression was blocked by the tyrosine kinase antagonist, K-252a. We suggest that early expression of GABAergic and neurotrophin signaling mediates inhibitory synaptic plasticity, and this mechanism may support the anatomical refinement of inhibitory connections.

Glutamate co-transmission from developing medial nucleus of the trapezoid body – Lateral superior olive synapses is cochlear dependent in kanamycin-treated rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 405 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
Jonu Pradhan ◽  
Dhiraj Maskey ◽  
Ki Sup Park ◽  
Sung Hwa Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Trapezoid Body

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical and lesion studies support the hypothesis that the projection from the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body to the lateral superior olive is glycinergic

1990 ◽  
Vol 517 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanford C. Bledsoe ◽  
Colleen R. Snead ◽  
Robert H. Helfert ◽  
Vibhay Prasad ◽  
Robert J. Wenthold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Lesion Studies ◽  
Trapezoid Body

scholarly journals Sound Localization Ability and Glycinergic Innervation of the Superior Olivary Complex Persist after Genetic Deletion of the Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (38) ◽  
pp. 15044-15049 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Jalabi ◽  
C. Kopp-Scheinpflug ◽  
P. D. Allen ◽  
E. Schiavon ◽  
R. R. DiGiacomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Superior Olivary Complex ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Genetic Deletion ◽  
Localization Ability ◽  
Trapezoid Body

Comparative posthearing development of inhibitory inputs to the lateral superior olive in gerbils and mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 1443-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Walcher ◽  
Benjamin Hassfurth ◽  
Benedikt Grothe ◽  
Ursula Koch
Keyword(s):  
Excitatory Input ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Input ◽  
Synaptic Currents ◽  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Whole Cell Patch Clamp ◽  
Auditory Experience ◽  
Evoked Activity

Interaural intensity differences are analyzed in neurons of the lateral superior olive (LSO) by integration of an inhibitory input from the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB), activated by sound from the contralateral ear, with an excitatory input from the ipsilateral cochlear nucleus. The early postnatal refinement of this inhibitory MNTB-LSO projection along the tonotopic axis of the LSO has been extensively studied. However, little is known to what extent physiological changes at these inputs also occur after the onset of sound-evoked activity. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of LSO neurons in acute brain stem slices, we analyzed the developmental changes of inhibitory synaptic currents evoked by MNTB fiber stimulation occurring after hearing onset. We compared these results in gerbils and mice, two species frequently used in auditory research. Our data show that neither the number of presumed input fibers nor the conductance of single fibers significantly changed after hearing onset. Also the amplitude of miniature inhibitory currents remained constant during this developmental period. In contrast, the kinetics of inhibitory synaptic currents greatly accelerated after hearing onset. We conclude that tonotopic refinement of inhibitory projections to the LSO is largely completed before the onset of hearing, whereas acceleration of synaptic kinetics occurs to a large part after hearing onset and might thus be dependent on proper auditory experience. Surprisingly, inhibitory input characteristics, as well as basic membrane properties of LSO neurons, were rather similar in gerbils and mice.

The Brain Stem Evoked Response and Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiyeko Tsuchitani
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Superior Olivary Complex ◽  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Brain Stem Evoked Response ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Trapezoid Body

Single-unit responses of cat superior olivary complex neurons to acoustic stimuli were examined to determine whether the units' action potentials were sufficiently synchronized to contribute to the brain stem evoked response. The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body and lateral superior olive are two major nuclei within the cat superior olivary complex. The first-spike discharge latencies of medial nucleus of the trapezoid body and lateral superior olivary neurons to monaural presentations of tone burst stimuli were measured as a function of stimulus level. Evidence is provided to support the hypotheses that in cat the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body may contribute directly to the monaural brain stem evoked response by producing action potentials synchronized to stimulus onset and may also contribute indirectly to the brain stem evoked response binaural difference wave bc by inhibiting the lateral superior olive unit excitatory responses synchronized to stimulus onset.

Role of brainstem auditory structures in sound localization. I. Trapezoid body, superior olive, and lateral lemniscus.

1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Masterton ◽  
J A Jane ◽  
I T Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Sound Localization ◽  
Lateral Lemniscus ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Trapezoid Body

Binaural interaction in the lateral superior olive: time difference sensitivity studied in mouse brain slice

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Wu ◽  
J. B. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Brain Slice ◽  
Response Probability ◽  
Interpulse Interval ◽  
Superior Olivary Complex ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Lateral Superior Olive ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Trapezoid Body ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. The sensitivity of lateral superior olive (LSO) neurons to interaural time differences was examined in an in vitro brain slice preparation. Brain slices, 400-500 microns, were taken through the superior olivary complex of C57 BL/6J mice and were maintained in an oxygenated saline solution for single-unit recording. Both extracellular and intracellular recordings were made with glass pipettes filled with 4 M potassium acetate. Responses were elicited by applying current pulses to the trapezoid body through bipolar stimulating electrodes located ipsilateral or contralateral to the olivary complex. Binaural interactions were studied by manipulating the timing and intensity of paired ipsilateral and contralateral pulses. 2. In extracellular recordings, stimulation of the ipsilateral trapezoid body usually elicited a single action potential, whereas stimulation of the contralateral trapezoid body failed to produce a spike response. Bilateral stimulation resulted in the complete suppression of the evoked spike, indicating the presence of a contralateral inhibitory effect. The degree of inhibition depended on the interpulse interval between ipsilateral and contralateral stimulation. With sufficiently large ipsilateral lead times, the probability of eliciting an extracellular spike was 1.0. As the interpulse interval was gradually shifted to reduce the ipsilateral lead time, the response probability precipitously dropped to 0.0. Most neurons could be completely suppressed by simultaneous stimulation. The dynamic range, defined as the range of interpulse intervals over which response probability changed from 0.9 to 0.1, was between 125 and 225 microseconds for most cells tested. 3. With increasing contralateral lead times, the extracellularly recorded spike was eventually released from inhibition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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