Temperature Measurement of Advanced Murine Atherosclerotic Plaques

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Gijsen ◽  
Anna Ten Have ◽  
Jolanda Wentzel ◽  
Antonius Van Der Steen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Vulnerable Plaque ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Fibrous Cap ◽  
Vulnerable Plaques ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Plaque Detection

Ischaemic heart disease is most frequently caused by coronary atherosclerosis, of which the vulnerable plaque is one of the developmental stages. Rupture of a vulnerable plaque with superimposed thrombosis frequently leads to acute coronary syndromes. The major components of a vulnerable plaque are a lipid-rich, atheromatous core, and a thin fibrous cap with macrophage and macrophage infiltration (Schaar et al., 2004). After the first paper suggesting the possibility of thermographic detection of vulnerable plaques (Casscells et al., 1996), intracoronary thermography as a vulnerable plaque detection technique has been investigated. Increased metabolic activity of macrophages is suggested as the main reasons for the increased temperatures (ten Have et al., 2005).

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Participate in All Different Types of Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Complications of Coronary Atherosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (06) ◽  
pp. 1078-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartika Pertiwi ◽  
Allard van der Wal ◽  
Dara Pabittei ◽  
Claire Mackaaij ◽  
Marinus van Leeuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Arginine Deiminase ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Fibrous Cap ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

AbstractAcute coronary syndromes can be initiated by either atherosclerotic fibrous cap ruptures, superficial plaque erosions or intraplaque haemorrhages (IPHs). Since neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) display pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic properties, we investigated the presence, extent and distribution of neutrophils and NETs in different types of plaque complications in relation to the age of overlying thrombus mass or haemorrhage. Sixty-four paraffin-embedded coronary plaque segments of 30 acute myocardial infarction patients were retrieved from the autopsy archives, which contained 44 complicated plaques (17 IPHs, 9 erosions and 18 ruptures) and 20 intact plaques. Complicated plaques were further categorized according to the histological age of thrombus or haemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was performed to visualize neutrophils (anti-myeloperoxidase, anti-elastase and anti-CD177) and NETs (anti-citrullinated histone-3 and anti-peptidyl-arginine-deiminase-4). The results were scored semi-quantitatively. Neutrophils and NETs were abundantly present in all types of complicated, but not in intact, plaques (p < 0.05). They were found in thrombus, haemorrhages and at the thrombus–plaque interface, with no significant differences in extent between ruptures, erosions and IPHs. Interestingly, adjacent perivascular tissue of complicated, but not of intact plaques, also contained high numbers of neutrophils and NETs (p < 0.05). In thrombus and haemorrhage of different age, neutrophils and NETs were more frequently present in non-organized (fresh) thrombi and in on-going IPHs. In conclusion, netosis is a prominent pro-thrombotic participant in all distinct types of atherothrombosis, which may facilitate the progression of thrombotic or haemorrhagic complications and thus the onset of ensuing clinical coronary ischemic syndromes.

scholarly journals Deep convolutional neural networks for cardiovascular vulnerable plaque detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 02024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincan Li ◽  
Tong Jia ◽  
Tianqi Meng ◽  
Yizhe Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Vulnerable Plaque ◽  
Recall Rate ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Vulnerable Plaques ◽  
Plaque Detection

In this paper, an accurate two-stage deep learning method is proposed to detect vulnerable plaques in ultrasonic images of cardiovascular. Firstly, a Fully Convonutional Neural Network (FCN) named U-Net is used to segment the original Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT) cardiovascular images. We experiment on different threshold values to find the best threshold for removing noise and background in the original images. Secondly, a modified Faster RCNN is adopted to do precise detection. The modified Faster R-CNN utilize six-scale anchors (122,162,322,642,1282,2562) instead of the conventional one scale or three scale approaches. First, we present three problems in cardiovascular vulnerable plaque diagnosis, then we demonstrate how our method solve these problems. The proposed method in this paper apply deep convolutional neural networks to the whole diagnostic procedure. Test results show the Recall rate, Precision rate, IoU (Intersection-over-Union) rate and Total score are 0.94, 0.885, 0.913 and 0.913 respectively, higher than the 1st team of CCCV2017 Cardiovascular OCT Vulnerable Plaque Detection Challenge. AP of the designed Faster RCNN is 83.4%, higher than conventional approaches which use one-scale or three-scale anchors. These results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method and the power of deep learning approaches in diagnose cardiovascular vulnerable plaques.

Impact of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency on the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe D. Sanna ◽  
Mario E. Canonico ◽  
Roberta Siciliano ◽  
Simona Guarino ◽  
Francesco Montereggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

scholarly journals Management of Structural Heart Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Giordano ◽  
Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai ◽  
Giacomo Frati ◽  
Antonio L. Bartorelli
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

scholarly journals High Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Increased Plaque Vulnerability of Carotid in Patients With Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 2983-2989
Author(s):  
Min Peng ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Yaqian Xia ◽  
Lei Tao ◽  
Yujing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Vulnerable Plaque ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Vulnerable Plaques ◽  
Ct Attenuation ◽  
Remodeling Index

Background and Purpose: Long-term dietary patterns can influence the intensity of systemic inflammation and, therefore, the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and vulnerability characteristics of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke within 7 days of onset were enrolled. DII was calculated from 32 food components with the help of a food frequency questionnaire. Vulnerable plaque was defined as presence of artery positive remodeling (remodeling index >1.1) and low CT attenuation plaques (<35 HU) on carotid arteries by computed tomography angiography. Results: Of the 398 enrolled patients, 144 (36.2%) were detected with vulnerable plaque. Their DII ranged from −4.58 to 4.18. Patients with vulnerable plaques consumed less nutrients with anti-inflammatory properties, less fruits and vegetables (85.6±64.3 versus 94.6±74.4 g/d, P =0.027), and less nuts (5.66±7.14 versus 8.84±15.9 g/d, P =0.024) than patients without vulnerable plaques. Patients with vulnerable plaque had higher DII than patients without vulnerable plaque (−0.26±1.54 versus −0.64±1.53, P =0.018). Logistic regression analysis revealed that DII was associated with vulnerable plaques after adjusted for major confounding factors (odds ratio=1.307; 95% CI, 1.113–1.533). Conclusions: DII is associated with the vulnerability of carotid plaques in patients with ischemic stroke. Considering a possible causal relationship, the mechanisms underlying the association between diet and atherosclerosis warrant further study.

Animal models of vulnerable plaque

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 774-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik-Kyung Jang ◽  
Levon Khachigian ◽  
Harry Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Vulnerable Plaque ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Plaque Vulnerability ◽  
Plaque Stabilization ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Apo E Knockout Mice

SummaryThere is increasing recognition of the importance of vulnerable plaque and acute plaque rupture leading to thrombosis, in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes. This is fueling a number of developments, including novel imaging modalities and potential plaque stabilization therapies. However, to date, no animal model of vulnerable plaque or plaque rupture has been established. Recent developments, particularly using Apo E knockout mice, appear set to provide key breakthroughs. The present status of our understanding of plaque vulnerability is therefore discussed, with a discussion of these current advances in animal models.

scholarly journals Gender and the Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis, Plaque Composition, and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndromes

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. S62-S72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. Lansky ◽  
Vivian G. Ng ◽  
Akiko Maehara ◽  
Giora Weisz ◽  
Amir Lerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Plaque Composition ◽  
Coronary Syndromes
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