Modulation of phonetic duration by morphological and lexical predictors.

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 2457-2457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Sims ◽  
Benjamin V. Tucker ◽  
Harald Baayen
Keyword(s):  
Phonetic Duration

scholarly journals Duration as a Phonetic Cue in Native and Non‑Native American English

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Biljana Čubrović
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
American English ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
The Us ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Phonetic Duration

This vowel study looks at the intricate relationship between spectral  characteristics and vowel duration in the context of American English vowels, both from a native speaker (NS) and non-native speaker (NNS) perspective. The non-native speaker cohort is  homogeneous in the sense that all speakers have Serbian as their mother tongue, but have been long-time residents of the US. The phonetic context investigated in this study is /bVt/, where V is one of the American English monophthongs /i ɪ u ʊ ε æ ʌ ɔ ɑ/. The results of the acoustic analysis show that the NNS vowels are generally longer than the NS vowels. Furthermore, NNSs neutralise the vowel quality of two tense and lax pairs of vowels, /i ɪ/ and /u ʊ/, and rely more heavily on the phonetic duration when prononuncing them.

scholarly journals A phonetic study of length and duration in Kyrgyz vowels

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Ziv Stern ◽  
Jonathan North Washington
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Component ◽  
Vowel Length ◽  
Short Vowels ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Final Stress ◽  
High Vowels ◽  
Phonetic Duration ◽  
Phonetic Study ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Vowel Categories

This paper examines the phonetic correlates of the (phonological) vowel length contrast in Kyrgyz to address a range of questions about the nature of this contrast, and also explores factors that affect (phonetic) duration in short vowels. Measurement and analysis of the vowels confirms that there is indeed a significant duration distinction between the Kyrgyz vowel categories referred to as short and long vowels. Preliminary midpoint formant measurements show that there may be some accompanying spectral component to the length contrast for certain vowels, but findings are not conclusive. A comparison of F0 dynamics and spectral dynamics through long and short vowels does not yield evidence that some long vowels may in fact be two heterosyllabic short vowels. Analysis shows that duration is associated with a vowel’s presence in word-edge syllables in Kyrgyz, as anticipated based on descriptions of word-final stress and initial prominence. However, high vowels and non-high vowels are found to consistently exhibit opposite durational effects. Specifically, high vowels in word-edge syllables are longer than high vowels in medial syllables, while non-high vowels in word-edge syllables are shorter than non-high vowels in medial syllables. This suggests either a phenomenon of durational neutralisation at word edges or the exaggeration of durational differences word-medially, and is not taken as a case of word-edge strengthening. Proposals for how to select from between these hypotheses in future work are discussed.

scholarly journals Durational cues to stress, final lengthening, and the perception of rhythm

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Anya Lunden
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Stress ◽  
Perceptual Effect ◽  
Final Stress ◽  
Phonetic Duration ◽  
Final Syllable

Binary stress languages have a well-known asymmetry between their tolerance of initial versus final lapse; the former being extremely rare and the latter being quite common. Lunden (to appear) proposes that final lengthening plays a role in this asymmetry, as the additional inherent phonetic duration of the final syllable can contribute to the continuation of a perceived rhythm, even in the absence of actual final stress. She notes this effect of final lengthening should only be available in languages that use duration as a cue to stress. However, some languages are described as having different cues to primary and secondary stress, and it is not clear which is more important for this perceptual effect. The results of four new studies show that final lengthening contributes to the perceptual rhythm of the word even when only one level of stress is cued with duration.

Lexical frequency effects and phonetic duration of English homophones: An acoustic study

2005 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 2036-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail C. Cohn ◽  
Johanna Brugman ◽  
Clifford Crawford ◽  
Andrew Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Frequency ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
Acoustic Study ◽  
Phonetic Duration

Phonetic Duration, Phonological Quantity and Prosodic Structure in Inari Saami

Phonetica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Bye ◽  
Elin Sagulin ◽  
Ida Toivonen
Keyword(s):  
Prosodic Structure ◽  
Phonetic Duration

Durational properties of emphatically lengthened consonants in Japanese

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeto Kawahara ◽  
Aaron Braver
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Phonological Contrast ◽  
Phonetic Duration ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Second Use

Languages can make use of phonetic duration to signal two kinds of meanings. The first is a lexical, phonological contrast. For example, in Japanese [kata] with a short [t] means ‘frame’ and [katta] with a long [tt] means ‘bought’. This sort of contrast is usually limited to a binary distinction, and its phonetic properties have been well studied for many diverse languages. The other use of phonetic duration is to express pragmatic emphasis. Speakers of some languages can use lengthening to express emphasis, as in the English exampleThank you sooooooo much. This lengthening can employ multiple degrees of duration, beyond the more standard binary contrast. This second use of duration has been understudied, and this paper attempts to fill that gap. To that end, this paper reports the first experimental documentation of the consonant lengthening pattern in Japanese, which expresses pragmatic emphasis. The results show that at least some speakers show six levels of durational distinctions, while other speakers show less clear-cut distinctions among different levels of emphatically lengthened consonants. Nevertheless, all but one speaker showed a linear correlation between duration and level of emphasis.

Effects of harmony on reduction in Kera

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Vowel Harmony ◽  
Vowel Reduction ◽  
Phonetic Reduction ◽  
Phonetic Duration

The reduction of vowels is a popular topic for research, but little has been said about the effects of vowel harmony on vowel reduction. Gendrot and Adda-Decker (2006, 2007) claim that phonetic reduction is linked to the phonetic duration of the vowel so that in short syllables, the vowel converges towards a schwa-like quality. I support this claim in general, but I add the claim that reduction is blocked in vowel harmony domains. Within a harmony domain, even in vowels of short duration, the quality of the vowel retains the quality of the feature which is spreading. This paper demonstrates this with data from Kera, a Chadic language spoken in Chad. I examine fronting, rounding, and height harmony in Kera and confirm the fact that harmony (but not accidental agreement) in some way blocks the reduction. This has implications for the role of harmony and claims concerning privative features. Keywords: phonology; reduction; Kera; vowel harmony; acoustic; formants; duration; blocking; privative

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