linear correlation
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Author(s):  
Liu Guo ◽  
Dongming Zhang ◽  
Wenjie Tang ◽  
Zhenglin Dong ◽  
Yawei Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract Iron status of sows has a great influence on reproductive performance. Iron deficiency reduces reproductive performance and newborn piglet survival rate of sow. The hemoglobin is a potential predictor for iron status of sows and is convenient for rapid detection in pig farms. However, the relationship between iron status, hemoglobin, placental trace elements and reproductive performance remains unclear. In this study, the hemoglobin and reproductive performance of more than 500 sows with 1 st to 6 th parities at different gestation stages (25, 55, 75, 95, 110 days of gestation) in two large-scale sow farms were collected, and content of placental Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu was analyzed. The results show hemoglobin of sows during pregnancy (d 75, d 95, d 110) decreased significantly (P < 0.001). As the parity increases, the hemoglobin levels of sows at d 25, d 55 of gestation and placental mineral element contents included Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu at delivery decreased (P < 0.05), while the litter size, birth alive and litter weights increased gradually (P < 0.001). Furthermore, hemoglobin during pregnancy had a negative linear correlation with litter weight and average weight (P < 0.05), higher hemoglobin at d 25 of gestation may reduce the number of stillbirths (P = 0.05), but higher hemoglobin at d 110 of gestation was tend to be benefit for the birth (P = 0.01). And there was a significant positive linear correlation between hemoglobin at d 110 of gestation and placental Fe and Mn levels (P = 0.002, P = 0.013). There was also a significant positive linear correlation among Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu in the placenta (P < 0.001). The levels of Fe, Zn, and Mn in placental at delivery were positive related to the average weight of the fetus (P = 0.048, P = 0.027, P = 0.047), and placental Cu was linearly correlated with litter size (P = 0.029). Our research revealed the requirements for iron during gestation were varied in different gestation periods and parities. The feeds should be adjusted according to the gestation periods, parities or iron status to meet the iron requirements of sows and fetal pigs.


Minerals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Kui Li ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Menglong Fu ◽  
Chengzhi Li ◽  
Zhengliang Xue

Generally, the linear correlation coefficient is one of the most significant criteria to appraise the kinetic parameters computed from different reaction models. Actually, the optimal kinetic triplet should meet the following two requirements: first, it can be used to reproduce the original kinetic process; second, it can be applied to predict the other kinetic process. The aim of this paper is to attempt to prove that the common criteria are insufficient for meeting the above two purposes simultaneously. In this paper, the explicit Euler method and Taylor expansion are presented to numerically predict the kinetic process of linear heating reactions. The mean square error is introduced to assess the prediction results. The kinetic processes of hematite reduced to iron at different heating rates (8, 10 and 18 K/min) are utilized for validation and evaluation. The predicted results of the reduction of Fe2O3 → Fe3O4 indicated that the inferior linear correlation coefficient did provide better kinetic predicted curves. In conclusion, to satisfy the above two requirements of reproduction and prediction, the correlation coefficient is an insufficient criterion. In order to overcome this drawback, two kinds of numerical prediction methods are introduced, and the mean square error of the prediction is suggested as a superior criterion for evaluation.


Author(s):  
С.Н. Лысенко ◽  
М.А. Чечнева ◽  
Ф.Ф. Бурумкулова ◽  
В.А. Петрухин ◽  
Т.С. Будыкина

Введение. Поджелудочная железа (ПЖ) плода играет роль в регуляции гликемии как у плода, так и у матери. Гипергликемия матери, независимо от типа сахарного диабета (CД) сопровождается гипергликемией у плода. Напряжение функции ПЖ плода обусловливает компенсаторное увеличение eё размеров, формирование фетальной гиперинсулинемии и развитие в первые часы жизни неонатальной гипогликемии. Клинические симптомы гипогликемии присутствуют в 25-33% случаев, частота лабораторной гипогликемии - в 21-60%. Цель - оценка прогностического значения увеличения размеров ПЖ плода накануне родов в качестве предиктора неонатальной гипогликемии при CД у матери. Методика. Проведена ультразвуковая морфометрия ПЖ у 241 беременной c CД (основная группа) и у 427 здоровых беременных (контрольная группа). В основной группе у 141 (58,5%) беременной родились дети c признаками диабетической фетопатии (ДФ). Оценивались размеры ПЖ плода. У новорождённых оценивалась гликемия в динамике в 1-e и 3-и сут жизни. Проведён ретроспективный корреляционный анализ размеров поджелудочной железы плода и характер гликемии новорожденных в 1-e и 3-и cут жизни. Результаты. Выявлена отрицательная корреляция толщины ПЖ и гипогликемии новорождённого в 1-e сут жизни c линейным коэффициентом корреляции (R) минус 0,66. В 1-e сут жизни у 87,5 % этих детей возникает гипогликемия, более выраженная у недоношенных, у 50% из них, сохраняющаяся к 3-м сут жизни. Заключение. Толщина ПЖ плода более информативный и воспроизводимый показатель, чем её длина, статистически значимый как в группе ДФ, так и без неё. Неудовлетворительный контроль за течением CД у матерей увеличивает риск гипогликемии новорождённого до 100%. Более выраженная гипогликемия выявляется у недоношенных детей, у половины которых гипогликемия сохраняется к 3-м сут жизни. Background. The fetal pancreas is involved in regulation of glucose levels in both fetal and maternal plasma. Maternal hyperglycemia, regardless of the type of diabetes mellitus (DM), is accompanied by fetal hyperglycemia. This stress of the fetal pancreatic function causes a compensatory increase in the pancreas size, the development of fetal hyperinsulinemia and of neonatal hypoglycemia in the first hours of life. The frequency of laboratory hypoglycemia varies 21-60%, while its clinical symptoms are present in 25-33% of cases. Aim. To assess the prognostic value of the increase in fetal pancreas size on the eve of delivery as a predictor of neonatal hypoglycemia in maternal DM. Methods. Ultrasound of the fetal pancreas was performed in 241 pregnant women with DM (main group) and in 427 healthy pregnant women (control group). In the main group, 141 (58.5%) pregnant women had children with signs of diabetic fetopathy (DF). The size of the fetal pancreas was estimated. In newborns, glycemia was measured on the 1st and 3rd days of life. A retrospective correlation analysis of the fetal pancreas size and the neonatal glycemia was performed on the 1st and the 3rd days of life. Results. A negative linear correlation was found between the pancreas thickness and neonatal hypoglycemia on the 1st day of life (linear correlation coefficient, R, -0.66). On the 1st day of life in 87.5-100% of these newborns, hypoglycemia is observed, which is more pronounced in premature infants and which remains through the 3rd day of life in 50% of them. Conclusion. The thickness of the fetal pancreas is a more informative and reproducible indicator than its length, which was statistically significant in groups both with and without DF. Poor glycemic control in mothers increases the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia up to 100%. More pronounced hypoglycemia is observed in premature infants and persists through the 3rd day of life in half of them.


Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Shama Parveen ◽  
Bruno Vilela ◽  
Olinda Lagido ◽  
Sohel Rana ◽  
Raul Fangueiro

In this work, multi-scale cementitious composites containing short carbon fibers (CFs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were studied for their tensile stress sensing properties. CF-based composites were prepared by mixing 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 wt.% CFs (of cement) with water using magnetic stirring and Pluronic F-127 surfactant and adding the mixture to the cement paste. In multi-scale composites, CNFs/MWCNTs (0.1 and 0.15 wt.% of cement) were dispersed in water using Pluronic F-127 and ultrasonication and CFs were then added before mixing with the cement paste. All composites showed a reversible change in the electrical resistivity with tensile loading; the electrical resistivity increased and decreased with the increase and decrease in the tensile load/stress, respectively. Although CF-based composites showed the highest stress sensitivity among all specimens at 0.25% CF content, the fractional change in resistivity (FCR) did not show a linear correlation with the tensile load/stress. On the contrary, multi-scale composites containing CNFs (0.15% CNFs with 0.75% CFs) and MWCNTs (0.1% MWCNTs with 0.5% CFs) showed good stress sensitivity, along with a linear correlation between FCR and tensile load/stress. Stress sensitivities of 6.36 and 11.82%/MPa were obtained for the best CNF and MWCNT-based multi-scale composite sensors, respectively.


2021 ◽  
pp. 403-425
Author(s):  
Wanda Baranowska ◽  
Justyna Leszka

In inclusive education, teachers work with all students, including those exhibiting aggressive behaviors. Today, many teachers struggle with challenging student behavior. The study aims to examine (1) aggressive behaviors in students with SPE – a source of teacher frustration in inclusive education, (2) the consequences of these behaviors triggering fears in teachers, and (3) the relationship between teacher seniority and likely consequences as per objective 2. The survey was conducted among 188 teachers. The data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational approaches. We determined that (1) the main source of teacher frustration is the physical aggression displayed by students with ASD, ADHD, ODD and CD; (2) the fear students with SEN may hurt other students is prominent amongst teachers, with a linear correlation between predictable consequences, where the strongest links appear between prediction of conflict in a classroom and the accusation of incompetence levelled at teachers by parents of students with SEN and between the fear of losing self-control and disapproval by superiors; (3) no significant relationship exists between the seniority of teachers and their perception of the sources of frustrations and fears. Against the background of the results, we formulated recommendations on inclusive education training for teachers.


Author(s):  
Yusheng Chen ◽  
Jie Zu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Chuanying Xu ◽  
Guiyun Cui ◽  
...  

Abstract Background We study the correlation between the preoperative levodopa challenge test and the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Fifty patients with PD who underwent DBS treatment in our hospital from October 2016 to October 2017 were enrolled in this study. Using the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale-III (UPDRS-III) as an indicator, we analyzed the improvement in motor symptoms on the levodopa challenge test and by DBS surgery. We also discussed the correlation between the effects of the levodopa challenge test and DBS surgery. Results There was no correlation between the results of the levodopa challenge test and DBS surgery. There was a linear correlation between muscle rigidity and bradykinesia, whereas the linear correlation between other symptoms was weak. Conclusion The levodopa challenge test can be used as a screening tool for patients undergoing DBS surgery, and can predict the degree of improvement in muscle rigidity and bradykinesia surgery. However, the prediction of the degree of improvement of total motor symptoms is poor.


Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-917
Author(s):  
Putu Sanna Yustiantara ◽  
Ni Kadek Warditiani ◽  
Pande Made Nova Armita Sari ◽  
Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi ◽  
Yan Ramona ◽  
...  

Antihyperglycemic activity of Ipomoea batatas (L.) leaves has been studied for years. As many naturally found varieties of such plant species have been used as herbal medicines, there is a need to establish a fingerprint biomarker standardization method. Our research combined TLC fingerprints and chemometric analysis to determine biomarkers in leaf ethanol extract of Ipomoea batatas (L.) (EIBL). We predicted the main constituents of anthocyanin glycosides and their acylated derivates in the leaf ethanol extract of such plants using ESI-MS. The EIBL that contained identified biomarkers has succeeded in providing an antihyperglycemic effect in experimental using STZ-induced rats. This study also found a linear correlation between doses of flavonoid derivates as antioxidant agents with their antihyperglycemic activities. Therefore, this biomarker information can be used as a model to predict the dose-responses of the antihyperglycemic activities produced by other leaf ethanol extracts of I. batatas.


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