scholarly journals The role of excitation-pattern cues in the detection of frequency shifts in bandpass-filtered complex tones

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 2687-2697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Marmel ◽  
Christopher J. Plack ◽  
Kathryn Hopkins ◽  
Robert P. Carlyon ◽  
Hedwig E. Gockel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Shifts ◽  
Complex Tones ◽  
Excitation Pattern

Detecting dynamic frequency shifts of simple and complex tones

1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (S1) ◽  
pp. S60-S60
Author(s):  
Robert P. Carlyon ◽  
Richard J. Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Shifts ◽  
Complex Tones ◽  
Dynamic Frequency

THEORETICAL PREDICTION OF THE ROLE OF CO-CONTRACTION DURING BALANCE RECOVERY IN ELDERLY

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 1750085 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. OGAYA ◽  
K. NAGAI ◽  
Y. OKITA ◽  
S. FUCHIOKA
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Excitation Level ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Balance Recovery ◽  
Ankle Muscles ◽  
Platform Translation ◽  
Excitation Pattern ◽  
Pattern Simulation

This study aimed to determine the effect of muscle co-contraction on balance recovery by using a simulation model. The muscle-driven forward simulation model included an inverted pendulum with two ankle muscles, a plantar flexor muscle (PF), and a dorsal flexor muscle (DF). The model was created based on experimental data obtained from balance recovery after applying backward platform translation to a standing elderly woman. Baseline simulation was performed using this model. Additionally, we performed two simulations with increased DF excitation at the same level of simulation and at the same pattern of simulation. The same level of simulation had the same PF excitation level as the baseline simulation with increased DF excitation. The same pattern simulation had the same increased or decreased PF excitation pattern but with a constant increase in PF excitation level to offset the increased DF excitation. Our results revealed that the same pattern simulation decreased the maximum dorsal flexion angle after platform translation. During the same level of simulation, the insufficient PF force used to recover balance resulted in a forward fall. These results imply that co-contraction is an effective strategy for recovering balance at the expense of additional muscle excitation in the elderly.

Asymmetry of masking between complex tones and noise: The role of temporal structure and peripheral compression

2002 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 2759-2770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedwig Gockel ◽  
Brian C. J. Moore ◽  
Roy D. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Complex Tones ◽  
Peripheral Compression

Effects of Spectral Envelope and Fundamental Frequency Shifts on the Perception of Foreign-Accented Speech

2021 ◽  
pp. 002383092110296
Author(s):  
Michelle R. Kapolowicz ◽  
Daniel R. Guest ◽  
Vahid Montazeri ◽  
Melissa M. Baese-Berk ◽  
Peter F. Assmann
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Spectral Envelope ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Frequency Shifts ◽  
Accented Speech ◽  
Spectral Shifts ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Accented English ◽  
Pattern Information

To investigate the role of spectral pattern information in the perception of foreign-accented speech, we measured the effects of spectral shifts on judgments of talker discrimination, perceived naturalness, and intelligibility when listening to Mandarin-accented English and native-accented English sentences. In separate conditions, the spectral envelope and fundamental frequency (F0) contours were shifted up or down in three steps using coordinated scale factors (multiples of 8% and 30%, respectively). Experiment 1 showed that listeners perceive spectrally shifted sentences as coming from a different talker for both native-accented and foreign-accented speech. Experiment 2 demonstrated that downward shifts applied to male talkers and the largest upward shifts applied to all talkers reduced the perceived naturalness, regardless of accent. Overall, listeners rated foreign-accented speech as sounding less natural even for unshifted speech. In Experiment 3, introducing spectral shifts further lowered the intelligibility of foreign-accented speech. When speech from the same foreign-accented talker was shifted to simulate five different talkers, increased exposure failed to produce an improvement in intelligibility scores, similar to the pattern observed when listeners actually heard five foreign-accented talkers. Intelligibility of spectrally shifted native-accented speech was near ceiling performance initially, and no further improvement or decrement was observed. These experiments suggest a mechanism that utilizes spectral envelope and F0 cues in a talker-dependent manner to support the perception of foreign-accented speech.

Rate-specific Entrainment of Harmonic Pitch

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Aksentijevic ◽  
Anthony Smith ◽  
Mark A. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Brain Oscillations ◽  
Music Training ◽  
Harmonic Complex ◽  
Perceptual Integration ◽  
Gamma Range ◽  
Complex Tones

Recent evidence indicates that synchronized brain oscillations in the low gamma range (∼33 Hz) are involved in the perceptual integration of harmonic complex tones. At this rate, reaction times (RTs) are faster to targets that are not harmonically related to the prime. In the current study, we investigated the presence of this rate-specific inharmonic pop-out in groups of musicians and nonmusicians. We found that rather than increasing the salience of inharmonic targets, 33-pps priming reduced the salience of harmonic targets. This effect was observed in nonmusicians only, suggesting that music training reduces the role of oscillatory coding mechanisms in the perceptual integration of harmonic information.

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