scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of oral fluconazole when used for prophylaxis in bone marrow transplant recipients.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
A El-Yazigi ◽  
M Ellis ◽  
P Ernst ◽  
D Spence ◽  
R Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Concentration Time

The pharmacokinetics of fluconazole was investigated in 20 bone marrow transplant patients following oral administration of 200 mg of this drug. Blood samples were collected from each patient at different time intervals within 48 h after the first dose, and fluconazole was measured in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Urine was collected from 14 of these patients and analyzed similarly. The plasma concentration-time data exhibited the characteristics of the one-compartment model with first-order absorption quite well. The means +/- standard deviations of half-lives for absorption and elimination, peak concentration, time to peak, mean residence time, apparent volumes of distribution, area under the curve, and apparent oral clearance observed in these patients were 2.84 +/- 1.34 h, 19.94 +/- 18.7 h, 4.45 +/- 1.86 microg/ml, 8.34 +/- 5.97 h, 39.57 +/- 20.5 h, 0.874 +/- 0.48 liter/kg, 156.0 +/- 60.6 microg x h/ml, and 0.0256 +/- 0.0138 liter/h x kg, respectively. The amount of fluconazole excreted in urine in 24 h was 67.1 +/- 83 mg, which represents 33.55% +/- 41.6% of the dose administered. Patients who developed hemorrhagic cystitis excreted significantly (P < or = 0.0094) more fluconazole in 24 h than did those who did not.

scholarly journals Intravesical rhGM-CSF for the treatment of late onset hemorrhagic cystitis after bone marrow transplant

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1307-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Vela-Ojeda ◽  
F Tripp-Villanueva ◽  
E Sanchez-Cortés ◽  
M Ayala-Sanchez ◽  
M A García-Ruiz Esparza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplant ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Marrow Transplant

Safety and Cost of Hyperhydration for the Prevention of Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

Oncology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen K. Ballen ◽  
Pamela Becker ◽  
Kristine Levebvre ◽  
Robert Emmons ◽  
Kerry Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplant ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients

scholarly journals PCR Detection of Adenovirus in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient: Hemorrhagic Cystitis as a Presenting Manifestation of Disseminated Disease

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela S. Echavarria ◽  
Stuart C. Ray ◽  
Richard Ambinder ◽  
J. Stephen Dumler ◽  
Patricia Charache
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplant ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Therapy Modification ◽  
Culture Negative

Adenoviruses (AdV), causing fatal disseminated infections in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients, are associated not only with hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) but also with hepatitis, conjunctivitis, and viral interstitial pneumonia. The importance of this virus as a cause of disseminated disease, however, has remained underappreciated. AdV infection has been diagnosed primarily through the use of cell culture. The fact that cell culture is insensitive for detecting this virus has hindered recognition of the role that AdV may play in morbidity and mortality in BMT recipients. To emphasize these points, we describe a patient who presented with HC due to AdV serotype 11, genotype c, and died with disseminated infection. In addition to cell culture, this study used a newly developed PCR-based method, capable of detecting all AdV serotypes tested, including different genotypes of serotype 11. The PCR result was positive in all culture-positive samples, including samples of urine, conjunctiva, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Importantly, the PCR method provided evidence of urinary shedding of AdV in a pretransplant, culture-negative specimen and showed dissemination in a subset of culture-negative specimens, including BAL, blood, and bone marrow samples. The lack of widespread awareness of the fact that localized infections may presage dissemination, and the previous associated lack of rapid, sensitive diagnostic assays, has impaired recognition of AdV infections in patients undergoing BMT. Early detection may contribute to therapy modification and avoidance of unwarranted diagnostic procedures. It may also assist in epidemiologic control of this highly infectious pathogen and lead to a renewed interest in preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Urologic Outcomes of Children With Hemorrhagic Cystitis After Bone Marrow Transplant at a Single Institution

Urology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason K. Au ◽  
Christopher Graziano ◽  
Rodolfo A. Elizondo ◽  
Sheila Ryan ◽  
David R. Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplant ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Single Institution

Influence of Hypovolemia on the Pharmacokinetics and Electroencephalographic Effect of γ-Hydroxybutyrate in the Rat

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1218-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diederik K. Van Sassenbroeck ◽  
Peter De Paepe ◽  
Frans M. Belpaire ◽  
Paul A. Boon ◽  
Walter A. Buylaert
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Hypovolemia alters the effect of propofol in the rat by influencing the pharmacokinetics and the end organ sensitivity. We now studied the effect of hypovolemia on the anesthetic gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) because in contrast with propofol it increases blood pressure. Methods Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned to undergo moderate hypovolemia or a control procedure. Each rat received either an infusion of sodium-GHB (390 mg x kg(-1) x 5 min(-1)) or the same volume of an equimolar solution of sodium chloride (6.9%). Plasma samples were taken for GHB assay (high-performance liquid chromatography) and the electroencephalography and blood pressure values were recorded. A two-compartment model with Michaelis-Menten elimination was fitted to the concentration-time data and a sigmoid E(max) model to the electroencephalographic effect effect site concentration curve allowing the study of the end organ sensitivity. Results Plasma concentration-time curves and the total volume of distribution in hypovolemic and normovolemic rats were comparable with only small but significant differences in central volume of distribution and the intercompartmental clearance. There was no significant difference either in the distribution from the plasma to the brain (k(e0)) or in the end organ sensitivity (EC50 = 335 +/- 76 microg/ml in control vs. 341 +/- 89 microg/ml in hypovolemic rats). GHB temporarily increased mean arterial pressure in both groups, which cannot be explained by the sodium salt alone. Conclusions Hypovolemia does not influence the overall concentration-time curve of GHB and induces no changes in the electroencephalographic effect of GHB in the rat. This difference with propofol may be due to the fact that it increases blood pressure but also due to its different pharmacokinetic properties.

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