Salinity Decreases Nitrite Reductase Gene Diversity in Denitrifying Bacteria of Wastewater Treatment Systems

ABSTRACT Investigation of the diversity of nirK and nirS in denitrifying bacteria revealed that salinity decreased the diversity in a nitrate-containing saline wastewater treatment system. The predominant nirS clone was related to nirS derived from marine bacteria, and the predominant nirK clone was related to nirK of the genus Alcaligenes.

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Agricultural soil denitrifiers possess extensive nitrite reductase gene diversity

Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1111/1462-2920.13643 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 1189-1208 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Sara Coyotzi ◽

Andrew C. Doxey ◽

Ian D. Clark ◽

David R. Lapen ◽

Philippe Van Cappellen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrite Reductase ◽

Agricultural Soil ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Nitrite Reductase Gene ◽

Reductase Gene

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Denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organisms population and nitrite reductase gene diversity shift in a DEPHANOX-type activated sludge system fed with municipal wastewater

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering ◽

10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.09.016 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 111 (2) ◽

pp. 185-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Ilias Zafiriadis ◽

Spyridon Ntougias ◽

Christos Nikolaidis ◽

Anastasios G. Kapagiannidis ◽

Alexander Aivasidis

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Nitrite Reductase ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Activated Sludge System ◽

Nitrite Reductase Gene ◽

Reductase Gene ◽

Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms

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Development of PCR Primer Systems for Amplification of Nitrite Reductase Genes (nirK and nirS) To Detect Denitrifying Bacteria in Environmental Samples

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.64.10.3769-3775.1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 64 (10) ◽

pp. 3769-3775 ◽

Cited By ~ 573

Author(s):

Gesche Braker ◽

Andreas Fesefeldt ◽

Karl-Paul Witzel

Keyword(s):

Nitrite Reductase ◽

Environmental Samples ◽

Denitrifying Bacteria ◽

Comparative Sequence Analysis ◽

Qualitative Detection ◽

Nitrite Reductase Gene ◽

Reductase Gene ◽

Specific Amplification ◽

Total Dna ◽

Pcr Primer

ABSTRACT A system was developed for the detection of denitrifying bacteria by the amplification of specific nitrite reductase gene fragments with PCR. Primer sequences were found for the amplification of fragments from both nitrite reductase genes (nirK andnirS) after comparative sequence analysis. Whenever amplification was tried with these primers, the known nirtype of denitrifying laboratory cultures could be confirmed. Likewise, the method allowed a determination of the nir type of five laboratory strains. The nirK gene could be amplified fromBlastobacter denitrificans, Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, and Alcaligenes sp. (DSM 30128); thenirS gene was amplified from Alcaligenes eutrophus DSM 530 and from the denitrifying isolate IFAM 3698. For each of the two genes, at least one primer combination amplified successfully for all of the test strains. Specific amplification products were not obtained with nondenitrifying bacteria or with strains of the other nir type. The specificity of the amplified products was confirmed by subsequent sequencing. These results suggest the suitability of the method for the qualitative detection of denitrifying bacteria in environmental samples. This was shown by applying one generally amplifying primer combination for eachnir gene developed in this study to total DNA preparations from aquatic habitats.

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Isolation and characterization of a nitrite reductase gene and its use as a probe for denitrifying bacteria.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.58.1.376-384.1992 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 376-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

G B Smith ◽

J M Tiedje

Keyword(s):

Nitrite Reductase ◽

Denitrifying Bacteria ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Nitrite Reductase Gene ◽

Reductase Gene

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Diversity of Nitrite Reductase (nirK and nirS) Gene Fragments in Forested Upland and Wetland Soils

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.68.4.1893-1900.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 1893-1900 ◽

Cited By ~ 174

Author(s):

Anders Priemé ◽

Gesche Braker ◽

James M. Tiedje

Keyword(s):

Nitrite Reductase ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Denitrifying Bacteria ◽

Wetland Soils ◽

Marsh Soil ◽

Nirs Gene ◽

Nitrite Reductase Gene ◽

Reductase Gene ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Restriction Fragment Length

ABSTRACT The genetic heterogeneity of nitrite reductase gene (nirK and nirS) fragments from denitrifying prokaryotes in forested upland and marsh soil was investigated using molecular methods. nirK gene fragments could be amplified from both soils, whereas nirS gene fragments could be amplified only from the marsh soil. PCR products were cloned and screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and representative fragments were sequenced. The diversity of nirK clones was lower than the diversity of nirS clones. Among the 54 distinct nirK RFLP patterns identified in the two soils, only one pattern was found in both soils and in each soil two dominant groups comprised >35% of all clones. No dominance and few redundant patterns were seen among the nirS clones. Phylogenetic analysis of deduced amino acids grouped the nirK sequences into five major clusters, with one cluster encompassing most marsh clones and all upland clones. Only a few of the nirK clone sequences branched with those of known denitrifying bacteria. The nirS clones formed two major clusters with several subclusters, but all nirS clones showed less than 80% identity to nirS sequences from known denitrifying bacteria. Overall, the data indicated that the denitrifying communities in the two soils have many members and that the soils have a high richness of different nir genes, especially of the nirS gene, most of which have not yet been found in cultivated denitrifiers.

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