scholarly journals Multiplex Urinary Antigen Detection for 13 Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Improves Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in South African HIV-Infected Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 302-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner C. Albrich ◽  
Michael W. Pride ◽  
Shabir A. Madhi ◽  
Jan Callahan ◽  
Peter V. Adrian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Urinary Antigen Detection ◽  
Dominant Serotype ◽  
Quellung Reaction ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Asymptomatic Hiv

ABSTRACT A serotype-specific urinary antigen detection (UAD) assay for 13 serotypes included in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was recently reported as a useful diagnostic tool for pneumococcal pneumonia. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the UAD in HIV-infected South African adults. Urine specimens from a well-defined cohort of HIV-infected South African adults with pneumonia were evaluated retrospectively in the UAD assay. Pneumonia was considered pneumococcal if either sputum Gram stain, sputum culture, blood culture, or the immunochromatographic (ICT) BinaxNow S. pneumoniae test (composite diagnostic) was positive. Among 235 enrolled pneumonia patients, the UAD assay was more frequently positive (104 [44.3%]) than the composite diagnostic (71 [30.2%]; P < 0.001) and increased the pneumococcal etiology from 30.2% by an additional 22.6% to 52.8%. The UAD assay detected more pneumococcal etiologies (45.0%) than the serotype-independent ICT (23.4%, P < 0.001). UAD identified 6/7 patients with PCV13 serotype bacteremia without misclassification of bacteremia episodes due to non-PCV13 serotypes. UAD was positive for 5.1% of asymptomatic HIV-infected persons, with higher rates among those with nasopharyngeal carriage. Concordance between serotypes identified by UAD and by Quellung reaction and PCR serotyping was 70/86 (81.4%). UAD identified the dominant serotype in multiple serotype carriage. This study confirms the utility of the UAD assay for HIV-infected adults comparing favorably with other diagnostic tests. A highly valent UAD may become a new standard for detection of pneumococcal pneumonia in adults. Prior to PCV introduction, at least 53% of pneumonia cases were due to pneumococci in HIV-infected South African adults.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Novel Immunocatch Legionella Test with Sofia Legionella FIA Assay and with BinaxNOW Legionella Card Assay for Detection ofLegionella pneumophila(Serogroup 1) Antigen in Urine Samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Congestrì ◽  
M. Morotti ◽  
R. Vicari ◽  
M. F. Pedna ◽  
M. Sparacino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Urinary Antigen Detection

ABSTRACTLegionnaires’ disease (LD) refers to a serious form of acute pneumonia caused byLegionellaspecies. LD can be difficult to diagnose because the signs and symptoms are nonspecific, and therefore a rapid laboratory diagnosis is of paramount importance. In this study, a recently introduced immunochromatographic test (Immunocatch Legionella; Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.) forLegionella pneumophila(serogroup 1) urinary antigen detection was compared with the Sofia Legionella fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) (Quidel) (routinely used in our laboratory) and with the widely used BinaxNOW Legionella assay (Alere). A total of 248 urine samples (60 frozen and 188 fresh) were evaluated. All of the samples were collected from patients with high clinical suspicion of Legionnaires’ disease. The three assays were performed simultaneously according to the manufacturers’ instructions. A total of 180 concordant negative and 66 concordant positive results were obtained. Only 2 discrepant results were registered. The sensitivity and specificity of Immunocatch compared with Sofia were, respectively, 98.5% and 99.4%. Cohen's kappa coefficient and overall percent agreement between Immunocatch and Sofia were also calculated and resulted in, respectively, 0.97 and 99.2%. These performances suggest that the Immunocatch test is a useful tool forLegionella pneumophila(serogroup 1) urinary antigen detection.

scholarly journals The burden of PCV13 serotypes in hospitalized pneumococcal pneumonia in Spain using a novel urinary antigen detection test. CAPA study

Vaccine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (39) ◽  
pp. 5264-5270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Menéndez ◽  
Pedro Pablo España ◽  
Emilio Pérez-Trallero ◽  
Ane Uranga ◽  
Raul Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Urinary Antigen Detection

scholarly journals Utility of pneumococcal urinary antigen detection in diagnosing exacerbations in COPD patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Andreo ◽  
Juan Ruiz-Manzano ◽  
Cristina Prat ◽  
Luis Lores ◽  
Silvia Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Urinary Antigen Detection

scholarly journals Blastomyces dermatitidis Antigen Detection by Quantitative Enzyme Immunoassay

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Connolly ◽  
Chadi A. Hage ◽  
J. Ryan Bariola ◽  
Eric Bensadoun ◽  
Mark Rodgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Antigen Level ◽  
Antigen Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antigen Assay ◽  
Concurrent Testing ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Urine Specimens

ABSTRACTThe second-generation MVistaBlastomycesantigen enzyme immunoassay was not quantitative; therefore, specimens obtained previously were tested in the same assay as new specimens to assess the change in antigen levels. Furthermore, the sensitivity in serum had not been fully evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a quantitativeBlastomycesantigen assay and detection of antigen in serum. Calibrators containing known concentrations ofBlastomycesgalactomannan were used to quantify antigen in urine and serum from patients with proven blastomycosis and from controls. Paired current and previously obtained urine specimens were tested to determine if quantification eliminated the need for concurrent testing to assess change in antigen. Pretreatment of serum with EDTA at 104°C was evaluated to determine if dissociation of immune complexes improved detection of antigenemia. Antigenuria was detected in 89.9% of patients with culture- or histopathology-proven blastomycosis. Specificity was 99.0% in patients with nonfungal infections and healthy subjects, but cross-reactions occurred in 95.6% of patients with histoplasmosis. Change in antigen level categorized as increase, no change, or decrease based on antigen units determined in the same assay agreed closely with the category of change in ng/ml determined from different assays. Pretreatment increased the sensitivity of detection of antigenemia from 35.7% to 57.1%. Quantification eliminated the need for concurrent testing of current and previously obtained specimens for assessment of changes in antigen concentration. Pretreatment increased the sensitivity for detection of antigenemia. Differentiation of histoplasmosis and blastomycosis is not possible by antigen detection.

scholarly journals Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia Detected by Serotype-Specific Urinary Antigen Detection Assays

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1504-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G Wunderink ◽  
Wesley H Self ◽  
Evan J Anderson ◽  
Robert Balk ◽  
Sherene Fakhran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Urinary Antigen Detection
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