CORRELATION OF PAP SMEAR AND COLPOSCOPIC FINDING WITH DIRECTED BIOPSY TO ASSESS THE ADVANTAGE OF CONCURRENT TESTING BY CYTOLOGY AND COLPOSCOPY IN THE DETECTION OF CERVICAL NEOPLASM

Background: Cervical cancer was the second most common cancer among women 15-44 years of age and in 2018 it was the fourth most frequent cancer and cause of cancer death among all women in the world Methods:Women (18-65 yrs) attending Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur were recruited for study. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria written and informed consent were taken from all study participants Results: On histopathology report we found that 10% had normal inflammation followed by 9.33% had carcinoma in situ, 8% had CIN-2, 6.67% had CIN-1, 5.67% had CIN-3 and Squamous cell carcinoma each. Conclusion: Pap smear and colposcopy both the tests can be used to complement each other in a hospital based screening programme, where facilities for both modalities are available. Hence use of single visit approach in which cytology, colposcopy and guided biopsy all are done in single sitting, and treated accordingly in resource poor countries like ours will enable maximal utilization of scarce medical resources. Keywords: Pap smear, CIN, Cervical cancer

Analysis of Capital Relationships and Financial Statement Disclosures on the Net Profit Margin of Insurance Companies

The survey results on disclosure of financial statements, there were managers who did not disclose their intangible assets. Judging from the development of financial accounting standards No. 19 which states that not many companies have disclosed it. The phenomenon develops along with these standards. The research objective is to assess the intellectuals of this standard. The purpose of this study is to analyze capital relations and disclosure of financial statements on the margin on net income. The objects of this research are eleven insurance business units. Collecting data from reference books and journals as well as financial statement. Analysis of the data used with the help of partial tests and concurrent testing. Based on the processed data, relationship capital has no impact on margins. Meanwhile, disclosure of financial statements has an impact on net income. And the results together have an effect on the margins on net income.

Online Psychological Testing using Executables: A Case Study on Visual Memory Resolution

In psychological research, online experimentation is a valuable alternative to lab-based experimentation. However, converting existing psychological experiments to an online format can be difficult because this usually requires a translation from Python to JavaScript code. Here, we propose and validate a novel pipeline of online experimentation using executable files, which are downloadable programs that can be run by participants on their own computers. Critically, executables facilitate the transition from a lab-based behavioral experiment to online experimentation by allowing for flexible programming using well-established libraries (i.e., PsychoPy) without the need for translation across languages (i.e., from Python to JavaScript). As a case study, we paired the executable pipeline with a shape-color “conjunction” task to assess memory resolution (Li, Fukuda, and Barense, 2021), testing participants during a synchronous virtual conference room in order to maximize data quality. In a first experiment, we tested participants one-by-one (i.e., individual testing) and found that the reliability of timing and data quality was comparable to traditional lab-based experimentation, replicating a previously reported memory effect. In a second experiment, we assessed the test-retest reliability and the scalability of executables paired with virtual conferencing of multiple participants at once. We tested up to 18 participants in the same synchronous virtual conference room (i.e., concurrent testing), replicating the first experiment within 2% of original values. These results reveal that online experimentation using executables paired with concurrent testing via virtual conferencing is an efficient, reliable, and scalable alternative to browser-based online experimentation.

Analisis Laba atas Ekuitas dan Inflasi terhadap Stock Price

The phenomenon of several companies experiencing stock price fluctuations can affect inflation and return on equity. The research objective is to implement the analysis of return on equity and inflation in stock prices. The population in the survey was 49 consumer goods industries in 2015-2019. Samples were carried out by purposive sampling for 10 business units. Research data analyzers with the help of self-testing and concurrent testing. The joint test results show the impact of return on equity, inflation is not significant. Meanwhile, the return on equity and inflation simultaneously have an impact on share prices. Keywords: Return On Equity; Inflation; Stock Price.

An Optimal Diagnostic Strategy for Tuberculosis in Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients Using GeneXpert MTB/RIF and Alere Determine TB LAM Ag

ABSTRACT The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected patients is challenging. Both a urinary lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test (Alere TB LAM) and GeneXpert-MTB/RIF (Xpert) are useful for the diagnosis of TB. However, how to optimally integrate Xpert and LAM tests into clinical practice algorithms remain unclear. We performed a post hoc analysis of 561 HIV-infected sputum-expectorating patients (median CD4 count of 130 cells/ml) from a previously published randomized controlled trial evaluating the LAM test in hospitalized HIV-infected patients with suspected TB. We evaluated 5 different diagnostic strategies using sputum culture as a reference standard (Xpert alone, LAM alone, sequential Xpert followed by LAM and vice versa [LAM in Xpert-negative patients and Xpert in LAM-negative patients], and both tests concurrently [LAM + Xpert]). A cost-consequence analysis was performed. Strategy-specific sensitivity and specificity, using culture as a reference, were similar with the Xpert-only and sequential and concurrent strategies. However, when any positive TB-specific test was used as a reference, the incremental yield of LAM over Xpert was 29.6% (45/152) and that of Xpert over LAM was 75% (84/11). The incremental yield of LAM increased with decreasing CD4 count. The costs per TB case diagnosed were similar for the sequential and concurrent strategies ($1,617 to $1,626). In sputum-expectorating hospitalized patients with advanced HIV and access to both tests, concurrent testing with Xpert and LAM may be the best strategy for diagnosing TB. These data inform clinical practice in settings where TB and HIV are endemic.

Cost of Unnecessary Amylase and Lipase Testing at Multiple Academic Health Systems

Objectives To determine adherence to Choosing Wisely recommendations for using serum lipase to diagnose acute pancreatitis rather than amylase, avoiding concurrent amylase/lipase testing and avoiding serial measurements after the first elevated test as both are ineffective for tracking disease course. Methods Deidentified laboratory data from four large health systems were analyzed to determine concurrent testing rates, serial testing rates, and provider-ordering patterns. Results While most providers adhered to recommendations with 58,693 lipase-only tests ordered and performed, 86% of amylase tests were performed concurrently with lipase. Ambulatory, inpatient, and emergency department settings revealed concurrent rates of 51%, 41%, and 8%, respectively. Services with order sets containing both amylase and lipase were associated with higher rates of concurrent testing. Conclusions Concurrent amylase/lipase testing is an area of opportunity to improve compliance, especially in ambulatory settings. Revision of order sets and provider education could be interventions to reduce unnecessary testing and save costs.

Analysis of the VIDAS® Staph Enterotoxin III (SET3) for Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins G, H, and I in Foods

Background: Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) frequently causes illnesses worldwide. SFP occurs from the ingestion of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) preformed in foods by enterotoxigenic strains of Staphylococcus species, primarily S. aureus. SEG, SEH, and SEI induce emesis and have been implicated in outbreaks. Immunological-based methods are deemed the most practical methods for the routine analysis of SEs in foods given their ease of use, sensitivity, specificity, and commercial availability. These kits are routinely used to test for SEA-SEE. However, only recently has a kit been developed to detect SEG, SEH, and SEI. Objective: Our research examined the performance of the novel VIDAS® Staph Enterotoxin III (SET3) for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins SEG, SEH, and SEI in foods. Methods: Here we assess the sensitivity and specificity of SET3 using duplicate test portions of six foods at varying concentrations of inclusivity and exclusivity inocula: pure SEG, SEH, SEI, S. aureus strain extracts positive for seg, seh, and sei, as well as SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, and SEE. Results: The overall detection limit was less than 2.09 ng/mL for foods inoculated with SEG, SEH, and SEI, with no cross reactivity observed. Highlights: Integrating concurrent testing to detect the presence of SEA–SEE and SEG–SEI utilizing the SET3 along with the VIDAS SET2, Ridascreen® SET total, or other comparable kits will be instrumental for the future food assessments in our laboratory and may become the new standard for SE analysis of foods.