Sensitivity and Specificity ofIn SituHybridization for Diagnosis of Cutaneous Infection by Leishmania infantum in Dogs

Abstract Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a disease caused by Leishmania infantum. Serological methods are the most common diagnostic techniques used for the diagnosis of the CanL. The objective of our study was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of one in-house ELISA kit (ELISA UNIZAR) and three commercially available serological tests (MEGACOR Diagnostik GmbH) including an immunochromatographic rapid test (FASTest LEISH®), an immunofluorescent antibody test (MegaFLUO LEISH®) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MegaELISA LEISH®), using latent class models in a Bayesian analysis. Two hundred fifteen serum samples were included. The highest sensitivity was achieved for FASTest LEISH® (99.38%), ELISA UNIZAR (99.37%), MegaFLUO LEISH® (99.36%) followed by MegaELISA LEISH® (98.49%). The best specificity was obtained by FASTest LEISH® (98.43%), followed by ELISA UNIZAR (97.50%), whilst MegaFLUO LEISH® and MegaELISA LEISH® obtained the lower specificity (91.94% and 91.93%, respectively). The results of present study indicate that the immunochromatographic rapid test evaluated FASTest LEISH® show similar levels of sensitivity and specificity to the quantitative commercial tests. Among quantitative serological tests, sensitivity and specificity were similar considering ELISA or IFAT techniques.

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Cutaneous Infection with Leishmania major Mediates Heterologous Protection against Visceral Infection with Leishmania infantum

The Journal of Immunology ◽

10.4049/jimmunol.1500752 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 195 (8) ◽

pp. 3816-3827 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Audrey Romano ◽

Nicole A. Doria ◽

Jonatan Mendez ◽

David L. Sacks ◽

Nathan C. Peters

Keyword(s):

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Leishmania Major ◽

Cutaneous Infection ◽

Heterologous Protection ◽

Visceral Infection

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Comparative study of in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR for diagnosis of cutaneous infection by Leishmania infantum in dogs

Anais do IV International Symposium on Immunobiological e VII Seminário Anual Científico e Tecnológico de Bio-Manguinhos ◽

10.35259/isi.sact.2019_arca32802 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Silva ◽

Sandro Pereira ◽

Natália Gonçalves ◽

Greice Conceição ◽

Luíz Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Situ Hybridization ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Quantitative Pcr ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Cutaneous Infection

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Evaluation of a Rapid Device for Serological Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum Infection in Dogs as an Alternative to Immunofluorescence Assay and Western Blotting

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00719-12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 657-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E. Ferroglio ◽

S. Zanet ◽

W. Mignone ◽

M. Poggi ◽

A. Trisciuoglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Western Blotting ◽

Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Serological Diagnosis ◽

Immunochromatographic Test ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Content Type ◽

Test Speed

ABSTRACTIn this study, we compared a rapid immunochromatographic test (Speed Leish K; BVT Groupe Virbac, La Seyne sur Mer, France) with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT) and Western blotting (WB) for the detection ofLeishmania infantumantibodies in dogs. A total of 250 serum samples were collected from 125L. infantum-positive and 125L. infantum-negative dogs. Among the positive samples, 81 were strongly positive at low IFAT dilutions, while 44 were low-reactivity sera (IFAT titers, 1:40 to 1:80). The sensitivity and specificity of the Speed Leish K were 96.3% and 100%, respectively, compared with those of the IFAT. When IFAT low-reactivity sera (titers, 1:40 or 1:80) were tested with the Speed Leish K, using WB results as a reference, the sensitivities were 93.75% for sera with a 1:80 titer and 73.33% for sera with a 1:40 titer, and the specificity was 100%. The Speed Leish K is easy to use and performs well, so it can be considered a quick and reliable tool for the diagnosis ofL. infantuminfection in dogs.

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Sensitive and Specific Serodiagnosis of Leishmania infantum Infection in Dogs by Using Peptides Selected from Hypothetical Proteins Identified by an Immunoproteomic Approach

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00023-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 835-841 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Miguel A. Chávez-Fumagalli ◽

Vivian T. Martins ◽

Miriam C. S. Testasicca ◽

Daniela P. Lage ◽

Lourena E. Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

False Negative ◽

Hypothetical Proteins ◽

Content Type ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

Serological Studies ◽

Potential Tool ◽

Higher Sensitivity

ABSTRACTIn Brazil, the percentage of infected dogs living in areas where canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is endemic ranges from 10 to 62%; however, the prevalence of infection in dogs is probably higher than figures reported from serological studies. In addition, problems with the occurrence of false-positive or false-negative results in the serodiagnosis of CVL have been reported. The present work analyzed the potential of synthetic peptides mapped from hypothetical proteins for improvement of the serodiagnosis ofLeishmania infantuminfection in dogs. From 26 identified leishmanial proteins, eight were selected, considering that no homologies between these proteins and others from trypanosomatide sequence databases were encountered. The sequences of these proteins were mapped to identify linear B-cell epitopes, and 17 peptides were synthesized and tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the serodiagnosis ofL. infantuminfection in dogs. Of these, three exhibited sensitivity and specificity values higher than 75% and 90%, respectively, to differentiateL. infantum-infected animals fromTrypanosoma cruzi-infected animals and healthy animals. SolubleLeishmaniaantigen (SLA) showed poor sensitivity (4%) and specificity (36%) to differentiateL. infantum-infected dogs from healthy andT. cruzi-infected dogs. Lastly, the three selected peptides were combined in different mixtures and higher sensitivity and specificity values were obtained, even when sera fromT. cruzi-infected dogs were used. The study's findings suggest that these three peptides can constitute a potential tool for more sensitive and specific serodiagnosis ofL. infantuminfection in dogs.

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Expression of a rK39 homologue from an Iranian Leishmania infantum isolate in Leishmania tarentolae for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-019-3839-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zahra Rezaei ◽

Nick Van Reet ◽

Gholamreza Pouladfar ◽

Vera Kühne ◽

Amin Ramezani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Leishmania Infantum ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Recombinant Expression ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Immunochromatographic Test ◽

Related Gene ◽

Leishmania Tarentolae ◽

Diagnostic Potential

Abstract Background Kinesin-related gene diversity among strains and species of Leishmania may impact the sensitivity and specificity of serodiagnostic tests for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Methods In this study, we report on the recombinant expression of this novel Iranian Leishmania infantum (MCAN14/47) homologue of rK39 (Li-rK39), in L. tarentolae. The diagnostic potential of the Li-rK39 antigen was evaluated in an ELISA, using sera from 100 VL patients, 190 healthy endemic controls, 46 non-endemic healthy controls and 47 patients with other infections. Results The results showed a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 93.8%. A commercial rK39 immunochromatographic test (ICT) was 90% sensitive and 100% specific on the same cohort. Conclusions Here, we show that the K39 gene from an Iranian L. infantum isolate is heterozygous as compared to the sequence of the Brazilian L. infantum (former L. chagasi), whose antigen is incorporated in most rK39-based immunochromatographic tests. Therefore, Li-rK39 has the potential to be used as an alternative for VL diagnosis in Iran.

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Applying Item Response Theory Modeling to Identify Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00284 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 1916-1932 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haiying Yuan ◽

Christine Dollaghan

Keyword(s):

Item Response Theory ◽

Item Response ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Social Communication ◽

National Database ◽

Communication Disorder ◽

Social Communication Questionnaire ◽

Autism Research ◽

The Social ◽

Pragmatic Communication

Purpose No diagnostic tools exist for identifying social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SPCD), a new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition category for individuals with social communication deficits but not the repetitive, restricted behaviors and interests (RRBIs) that would qualify them for a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We explored the value of items from a widely used screening measure of ASD for distinguishing SPCD from typical controls (TC; Aim 1) and from ASD (Aim 2). Method We applied item response theory (IRT) modeling to Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime ( Rutter, Bailey, & Lord, 2003 ) records available in the National Database for Autism Research. We defined records from putative SPCD ( n = 54), ASD ( n = 278), and TC ( n = 274) groups retrospectively, based on National Database for Autism Research classifications and Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised responses. After assessing model assumptions, estimating model parameters, and measuring model fit, we identified items in the social communication and RRBI domains that were maximally informative in differentiating the groups. Results IRT modeling identified a set of seven social communication items that distinguished SPCD from TC with sensitivity and specificity > 80%. A set of five RRBI items was less successful in distinguishing SPCD from ASD (sensitivity and specificity < 70%). Conclusion The IRT modeling approach and the Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime item sets it identified may be useful in efforts to construct screening and diagnostic measures for SPCD.

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