Molecular analysis of pyrogenic exotoxins from Streptococcus pyogenes isolates associated with toxic shock-like syndrome.

Mucormycosis is an uncommon opportunistic infection and the gastrointestinal form is the rarest.Rhizopus sp. is the most frequent pathogen and infection occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. We describe the first case of intestinal mucormycosis occurring after aStreptococcus pyogenestoxic shock syndrome in a previously healthy patient caused byRhizopus microsporusvar.azygosporus.

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Genetic characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes emm 89 strains isolated in Japan from 2011 to 2019

10.1101/2020.04.14.042051 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yujiro Hirose ◽

Masaya Yamaguchi ◽

Norihiko Takemoto ◽

Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama ◽

Tomoko Sumitomo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽

Toxic Shock ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Serum Opacity Factor ◽

Genetic Features ◽

Fibronectin Binding Protein

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) caused by Streptococcus pyogenes emm 89 strains has been increasing in several countries and reported to be linked with a recently emerged clade of emm89 strains, designated clade 3. In Japan, epidemiological and genetic information for emm89 strains remains elusive. In this study, we utilized emm89 strains isolated from both STSS (89 isolates) and non-STSS (72 isolates) infections in Japan from 2011 to 2019, and conducted whole-genome sequencing and comparative analysis, which resulted in classification of a large majority into clade 3 regardless of disease severity. In addition, STSS-associated genes and SNPs were found in clade 3 strains, including mutations of streptokinase (Ska), control of virulence sensor (CovS), serum opacity factor (SOF), sortase (SrtB), and fibronectin-binding protein F1 (PrtF1), and absence of the hylP1 gene encoding hyaluronidase. These findings provide insights into notable genetic features of emm89 strains.

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Fulminant infection and toxic shock syndrome caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

Journal of Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1016/s0736-4679(02)00436-5 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 357-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Kevin L Fox ◽

Michael W Born ◽

Merrill A Cohen

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽

Toxic Shock

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Pemanfaatan Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Sebagai Alternatif Penanganan Toxic Shock Syndrome

Jurnal Farmasi Udayana ◽

10.24843/jfu.2019.v08.i02.p03 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 73 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Suly Sunarsi

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Toxic Shock

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) merupakan penyakit akut yang mengancam jiwa yang dimediasi oleh racun, biasanya dipicu oleh infeksi Staphylococcus aureus atau grup A Streptococcus (GAS), diantaranya Streptococcus pyogenes. Pemanfaatan buah belimbing wuluh masih terbatas dibandingkan dengan ketersediannya di kalangan masyarakat, sehingga penelitian ini bermaksud untuk memanfaatkan belimbing wuluh yang diformulasi dalam bentuk Infused Water dengan pemanis alami Stevia rebaudiana yang digunakan sebagai alternatif penanganan Toxic Shock Syndrome dengan penghambatan pada bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes. Sari buah belimbing wuluh dan liofilisatnya diujikan terhadap Streptococcus pyogenes secara In Vitro dengan beberapa variasi konsentrasi untuk melihat aktivitas antibakterinya. Infused water buah belimbing wuluh dibuat dengan metode perendaman selama 12 jam dan 24 jam dengan kombinasi 500 mg daun stevia dalam 250 mL air matang dan dievaluasi menggunakan uji organoleptik, uji ALT dan uji MPN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan uji aktivitas antibakteri sari buah belimbing wuluh terdapat zona hambat dengan diameter 7,09±0,2 (1%), 7,41±0,1 (3%), 8,33±0,3 (5%), dan 8,38±0,2 (10%). Sedangkan liofilisat sari buah belimbing wuluh menunjukkan zona hambat dengan diameter 7,11±0,4 (1%), 7,34±0,3 (3%), 7,05±0,8 (5%), dan 7,44±0,9 (10%).

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Distribution of emm type and antibiotic susceptibility of group A streptococci causing invasive and noninvasive disease

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.2008/002642-0 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (11) ◽

pp. 1383-1388 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Takeaki Wajima ◽

Somay Y. Murayama ◽

Katsuhiko Sunaoshi ◽

Eiichi Nakayama ◽

Keisuke Sunakawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Macrolide Antibiotic ◽

Group A Streptococcus ◽

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Toxic Shock ◽

Medical Institutions ◽

Invasive Infections ◽

Group A ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Emm Type

To determine the prevalence of macrolide antibiotic and levofloxacin resistance in infections with Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus or GAS), strains were collected from 45 medical institutions in various parts of Japan between October 2003 and September 2006. Four hundred and eighty-two strains from patients with GAS infections were characterized genetically. Strains were classified into four groups according to the type of infection: invasive infections (n=74) including sepsis, cellulitis and toxic-shock-like syndrome; acute otitis media (AOM; n=23); abscess (n=53); and pharyngotonsillitis (n=332). Among all strains, 32 emm types were identified; emm1 was significantly more common in invasive infections (39.2 %) and AOM (43.5 %) than in abscesses (3.8 %) or pharyngotonsillitis (10.2 %). emm12 and emm4 each accounted for 23.5 % of pharyngotonsillitis cases. Susceptibility of GAS strains to eight β-lactam agents was excellent, with MICs of 0.0005–0.063 μg ml−1. Macrolide-resistant strains accounted for 16.2 % of all strains, while the percentages of strains possessing the resistance genes erm(A), erm(B) and mef(A) were 2.5 %, 6.2 % and 7.5 %, respectively. Although no strains with high resistance to levofloxacin were found, strains with an MIC of 2–4 μg ml−1 (17.4 %) had amino acid substitutions at either Ser-79 or Asp-83 in ParC. These levofloxacin-intermediately resistant strains included 16 emm types, but macrolide-resistant strains were more likely than others to represent certain emm types.

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