scholarly journals Comparison of an Automated Ribotyping System to Restriction Endonuclease Analysis and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Differentiating Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolates

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1858-1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Price ◽  
H. Huynh ◽  
S. Paule ◽  
R. J. Hollis ◽  
G. A. Noskin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Endonuclease ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Automated Ribotyping ◽  
Endonuclease Analysis

scholarly journals Comparison of Genomic Methods for Differentiating Strains of Enterococcus faecium: Assessment Using Clinical Epidemiologic Data

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 3327-3331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Savor ◽  
Michael A. Pfaller ◽  
Julie A. Kruszynski ◽  
Richard J. Hollis ◽  
Gary A. Noskin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Subspecies Level ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Ideal Method ◽  
Endonuclease Analysis

Genomic DNA extracted from 45 vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faecium (VRE) isolates was cleaved withHindIII and HaeIII and subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis. The ability of this method (restriction endonuclease analysis [REA]) to distinguish strains at the subspecies level was compared with results previously determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Chart reviews were performed to provide a clinical correlation of possible epidemiologic relatedness. A likely clinical association was found for 29 patients as part of two outbreaks. REA found 21 of 21 isolates were the same type in the first outbreak, with PFGE calling 19 strains the same type. In the second outbreak with eight patient isolates, HindIII found six were the same type and two were unique types. HaeIII found three strains were the same type, two strains were a separate type, and three more strains were unique types, while PFGE found three were the same type and five were unique types. No single “ideal” method can be used without clinical epidemiologic investigation, but any of these techniques is helpful in providing focus to infection control practitioners assessing possible outbreaks of nosocomial infection.

scholarly journals Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium: Catheter Colonization, esp Gene, and Decreased Susceptibility to Antibiotics in Biofilm

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 5046-5050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issam I. Raad ◽  
Hend A. Hanna ◽  
Maha Boktour ◽  
Gassan Chaiban ◽  
Ray Y. Hachem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Catheter Colonization ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Gastrointestinal Colonization

ABSTRACT To evaluate the molecular characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility in biofilm of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) organisms that had caused catheter-related VREF bacteremia (VREF-CRB), we compared 22 isolates causing bacteremia obtained from patients with VREF-CRB with 30 isolates from control patients with gastrointestinal colonization by VREF. Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, we identified 17 unique strains among the 22 VREF-CRB isolates and 23 strains among the gastrointestinal isolates. The esp gene was detected in 53% (9 of 17) of the VREF-CRB and 61% (14 of 23) of the control strains (P = 0.6). VREF-CRB produced heavier biofilm colonization of silicone disks than did control organisms (P < 0.001). Daptomycin, minocycline, and quinupristin-dalfopristin were each independently more active than linezolid in reducing biofilm colonization by VREF-CRB (P < 0.01), with daptomycin being the most active, followed by minocycline. In conclusion, the esp gene in VREF is not associated with heavy biofilm colonization or catheter-related bacteremia. In biofilm, daptomycin and minocycline were the most active antibiotics against VREF, and linezolid was the least active.

Monitoring lactic acid bacteria strains during ‘Cacioricotta’ cheese production by restriction endonuclease analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIUSEPPE BLAIOTTA ◽  
GIANCARLO MOSCHETTI ◽  
ERMENEGILDA SIMEOLI ◽  
ROSAMARIA ANDOLFI ◽  
FRANCESCO VILLANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Endonuclease Analysis

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important role in food fermentation, as the products obtained with their aid are characterized by hygienic safety, storage stability and attractive sensory properties. A major aim of the research in this field is the selection of LAB strains that could be used. Hence it is very important to be able to apply a reliable method to distinguish a particular strain specifically and unambiguously, which allows studies of population dynamics of mixed cultures and monitoring starter strains during fermentation (Ramos & Harlander, 1990).Molecular methods are a powerful alternative to the traditional differentiation of bacteria. A highly reproducible method for characterizing and distinguishing closely related strains, is represented by REA-PFGE (restriction endonuclease analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) performed by infrequently cutting endonucleases. Genetic differentiation of strains in several species of LAB has been successfully performed by this technique (Moschetti et al. 1997; Villani et al. 1997) obtaining very clear and reproducible restriction patterns (Moschetti et al. 1998).In this study selected inoculated strains (lactococci or lactobacilli) were monitored by REA-PFGE during the whole process of water-buffalo ‘cacioricotta’ cheese-making. This product is a typical and traditional cheese in southern Italy produced from cow, goat, ewe or water-buffalo milk. The original technology of this preparation permits the recovery of whey proteins due to the high heat treatment of whole milk employed, allowing interesting yields to be achieved in terms of cheese. The use of starters is not common in traditional technology but low acid protection of the final product suggested the use of LAB as starter (Emaldi et al. 1987).

scholarly journals Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Strains Isolated from Community Wastewater from a Semiclosed Agri-Food System in Texas

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 4382-4385 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Poole ◽  
M. E. Hume ◽  
L. D. Campbell ◽  
H. M. Scott ◽  
W. Q. Alali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Food System ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Fecal Waste

ABSTRACT Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains (VRE) were isolated from human wastewater but not swine fecal waste from a semiclosed agri-food system in Texas. Forty-nine VRE isolates possessed vanA, and one possessed vanB. Twenty-one pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types were identified and segregated into three groups. There was evidence of clonal dissemination among geographically separated sites.

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