3D structured TiO2-based aerogel photocatalyst for high-efficiency degradation of toluene gas

Photocatalytic technology is a “green”, environmentally friendly, energy-saving technology, which is considered to be an ideal method for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). At present, photocatalytic technology mostly uses powdered...

FUNCTIONAL DELAYED ECHOLALIA: INSIGHTS FROM A MOVIE

This study focuses on the analysis of functional delayed echolalia towards an autistic individual in Life, Animated documentary. The obtained data were derived from Owen Suskind's utterances and words in the aforementioned documentary, which the researchers manipulated and structured to fall into two categories of functional delayed echolalia. The study used qualitative descriptive method in analyzing the functional delayed echolalia of Owen Suskind using interactive and non-interactive functional categories of delayed echolalia theory proposed by Vicker (1999). The findings show that there are 8 (eight) out of 9 (nine) types of interactive delayed echolalia were discovered namely Turn taking, Verbal, Completion, Providing information, Labelling, Protest, Request, Calling and Affirmation. Meanwhile, the non- interactive delayed echolalia consists of three types namely non-focused, situation association, and rehearsal. The findings of this study are expected to give a positive impact on both readers who are dealing with children with autism who have echolalia. It will provide information on their language development in order to later determine the ideal method to handle them with care.

Fabrication of superhydrophobic surface with corrosion resistance via cyclic chemical etching process on aluminum substrate

Aluminum (Al) is a metal material commonly used in industry, but its surface is easily corroded. The superhydrophobic surface has great self-cleaning and anti-corrosion properties, and it is an ideal method to construct a functional aluminum surface. Here, a simple method based on cyclic chemical etching was proposed to achieve the superhydrophobic Al surface with honeycomb structures. The surface of the sample etched eight times comprised micro/nano-scale honeycomb cavities, while exhibiting a water contact angle (WCA) of 135°. After being treated with an octadecanethiol (C18H38S) methanol solution, this sample demonstrated a WCA of 153.1°. A self-cleaning test was performed on the superhydrophobic Al surface, showing the excellent self-cleaning property. Finally, the electrochemical anti-corrosion test demonstrated that the above-mentioned superhydrophobic Al surface had great corrosion resistance property. Overall, this work has enriched the theory and technology for fabricating aluminum to achieve superhydrophobic.

Role of transnasal endoscopic surgery for the management of orbital diseases

BACKGROUND. Indications for endoscopic sinus surgery have been widely expanding since its introduction, to such an extent that it is now accepted as the ideal method for the treatment of some orbital conditions. Endoscopic approach to orbits provides excellent visualization with minimal cosmetic and functional morbidity. MATERIAL AND METHODS. This descriptive study has been conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, KMC, Manipal, during July 2010 and July 2014. We evaluated the role of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) as a surgical mode of treatment in different types of orbital diseases. RESULTS. 24 patients underwent ESS approach for various ophthalmologic conditions. CONCLUSION. Results from our studies showed that the endoscopic sinus surgery approach is effective and has better results than an open approach in the management of certain types of orbital pathology.

A STUDY ON LAYERED CLOSURE VERSUS MASS CLOSURE OF LAPAROTOMY INCISIONS

Background: The ideal method of abdominal wound closure remains to be discovered. It should be technically so simple that the results are as good in the hands of a trainee as in those of the master surgeon.The best abdominal closure technique should be fast, easy while preventing both early and late complications. Present study is undertaken to compare the two methods (LAYERED closure and MASS closure) of laparotomy wound closure in relation to postoperative complications,time for wound closure in both groups and also to decide the most effective method among the two. Methods: This study was conducted in department of surgery at a tertiary care teaching hospital at KANCHIPURAM (TAMILNADU) from DECEMBER 2019 to DECEMBER 2020. On admission,patients suspected of having intraabdominal pathology,a thorough clinical examination and general assessment was done.Necessary radiological and biochemical investigations were done to support the diagnosis. After confirmation of diagnosis patients were subjected for exploratory laparotomy.The laparotomy wound was closed with either by Mass closure or Layered closure technique. Patients were followed up for 6 months in post-operative period for detection of late complications. Results:Total 60 patients of were studied.Majority of patients were in 66 -75 age group.Male outnumbered the females. Incidence of early complications like seroma, wound infection is more in layered closure group as compared to mass closure.Mean wound closure time is more in layered closure group. Conclusions: Mass closure technique is less time consuming,safe for closure of midline laparotomy incisions.

Ultrasound-guided thoracoscopic debridement in children with fibrinothorax

BACKGROUND: With the spread of endoscopic procedures, thoracoscopy has become an ideal method for the surgical treatment of pleural complications. Ultrasound examination of the pleural cavity made it possible to differentiate the nature of the pleural contents and timely use of thoracoscopic sanitation of the pleural cavity. AIM: This study aimed to conduct ultrasound monitoring of the complete restoration of the pleural cavity after video-assisted thoracoscopic debridement in children with fibrinothorax. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the childrens surgical department of the Republican Childrens Clinical Hospital of Health Ministry of the Chuvash Republic. From 2011 to 2019, 31 children aged 1 month to 18 years were diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia complicated by fibrinothorax, and thoracoscopic debridement and drainage of the pleural cavity were performed. During hospitalization, before thoracoscopy, 13 ultrasound examinations of the pleural cavities and lungs were performed in all children, which made it possible to determine methods of management. After thoracoscopic debridement, ultrasound examination of the pleural cavities was performed 37 times during hospitalization and 12 times monthly for 36 months after discharge from the hospital until the pleural cavity was completely restored. RESULTS: Ultrasound monitoring of the pleural cavities and lungs after thoracoscopic debridement at the outpatient stage showed that changes in the pleural cavity and lung parenchyma can last up to 6 months, while childrens health status was satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative and postoperative ultrasound monitoring can adequately assess the overall state of the pleural cavities and lungs. Changes in the pleural cavity after thoracoscopic debridement under ultrasound guidance are observed later than by X-ray. In this regard, after discharge from the hospital, children with complicated purulent and destructive pneumonia who underwent thoracoscopic debridement need ultrasound monitoring of the pleural cavity until it is completely restored.

Cálculo de un indicador multicriterio para la gestión de recursos humanos y tecnológicos en un servicio de hemodiálisis

El objetivo de este trabajo es construir un indicador compuesto, consistente y confiable, para evaluar las condiciones fisiológicas de un grupo de pacientes bajo tratamiento de hemodiálisis. Los indicadores compuestos, desarrollados a partir de indicadores individuales, tienen la ventaja de poder interpretarse rápidamente y dar a quien toma las decisiones una orientación sobre los procedimientos a seguir. El propósito es proporcionar un indicador de gestión que ayude a optimizar el funcionamiento del servicio hospitalario para brindar a los pacientes el máximo de cuidado. Para formalizar el indicador compuesto se consideraron los laboratorios clínicos realizados a los pacientes antes del proceso de hemodiálisis. La idea central del estudio es realizar un ranking de los pacientes sustentado en los criterios que fundamentan las condiciones fisiológicas de cada uno de ellos. El estudio se realizó en un importante hospital de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Para resolver el problema se aplicó el método multicriterio de apoyo a las decisiones Reference Ideal Method. Se han propuesto modificaciones a la técnica originaria para que sea posible trabajar con varios intervalos ideales de referencia en un mismo criterio. La consulta a expertos para determinar los criterios de la evaluación y los pesos relativos asignados a cada uno de ellos se cumplimentó respetando las formalidades del método de indagación Delphi.

Controversies in Mediastinal Staging for Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer

Mediastinal lymph nodal involvement in nonsmall cell lung cancer plays a crucial role in deciding treatment strategy. Survival falls markedly with increasing involvement of mediastinal nodal stations. Hence, accurate staging of the mediastinum with lowest morbidity is of utmost importance. A wide array of invasive and noninvasive modalities that complement each other in assessing the nodes are available at our disposal. Guidelines recommend noninvasive imaging as the initial step in the staging algorithm for all tumors, followed by invasive staging. No single modality has proven to be the ideal method to stage the mediastinum when used alone. In the present decade, minimally invasive endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) has challenged the position of surgical mediastinoscopy, which has been the gold standard, historically. However, a negative EBUS needs to be confirmed by surgical mediastinoscopy. Video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy has also come to the forefront in last two decades and has shown exceptional results, when performed in experienced centers. This review details the various modalities of mediastinal staging and the controversies surrounding the optimal method of staging, restaging after neoadjuvant therapy, and the most cost-effective strategy.

Comparison of factor of safety using different method of analysis for slope stability

Currently, the construction of slope is increasing, thus, the risk of slope to fail also increase. The series of landslide happen to the man-made slope has been recorded since in the early of 1993 until now. Many efforts such as treating the critical slope, redesigned the failed slope, and analyze the stability of the slope have been done. However, the landslide is still happening in Malaysia. The factor of safety (FOS) from the stability analysis that has been used might not be adequate to determine the safety of the slope in Malaysia. Therefore, in this study, the optimum factor of safety is obtained by using three methods of slice, Bishop’s Simplified method, Spencer method, and Morgenstern-Price method which have been used in many projects. A study place is selected in Ladang Balau, Semenyih, in Selangor and from the CIU test, the important soil parameter for slope is extracted for analysis of slope stability using SLOPE/W and manual calculation. The lambda for Spencer method and Morgenstern-Price method was generated for further discussion on the relationship between lambda and factor of safety. The data generated from both calculation method, from manual and software, were discussed and next the ideal method to achieve the optimum factor of safety determined. The factor of safety for every method basically are influenced by the interslice shear force presence but not Bishop’s Simplified method as moment equilibrium is insensitive towards interslice force function. For lambda, the factor that influenced the value is the function used; constant and half-sine function, however, for Bishop’s Simplified method, the lambda is equal to zero as the method ignored the interslice shear force. The Morgenstern-Price method has been chosen to be the best method to generate a good factor of safety.

Metode Komunikasi yang Ideal dalam Pendidikan Keluarga Menurut Al-Qur'an

[THE IDEAL METHOD OF COMMUNICATION IN FAMILY EDUCATION ACCORDING TO THE QUR'AN]. The ability tocommunicate in a family is very necessary because communication barriers in the family will affect the harmonization of the relationship between husband, wife, and children. Al-Qur'an as the holy book of Muslims not only contains the rules of procedure in worship but also contains elements of communication education in the family. The purpose of this study is to discuss the ideal method of communication in family education according to the Quran. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with an analytical approach, the data sources are obtained from literature in the books, journals, and other libraries. The findings of this study indicate that there are several forms of communication described in the Qur'an related to the communication method, namely the method of qaulan baliigha, qaulan maisuura, qaulan layyina, qaulan ma'rufa, qaulan kariima and qaulan sadiida, these communication terms provide a signal about how to good communication, in the context of family education, effective communication is part of the cultivation of moral and religious education, it can even influence social attitudes in the form of honesty, discipline, politeness, and other good behavior. The conclusion in this study is to avoid conflict in the family, an effective communication method is needed, and the Qur'an has given a signal how to build ideal communication in the family