scholarly journals Reduction of Chronic Wasting Disease Prion Seeding Activity following Digestion by Mountain Lions

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Baune ◽  
Lisa L. Wolfe ◽  
Kristen C. Schott ◽  
Karen A. Griffin ◽  
Andrew G. Hughson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Mountain Lions ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild

CWD prions appear to spread naturally among susceptible cervid species in captivity and in the wild. A better understanding of all the ways these prions move, persist, and subsequently infect target species through the environment is critical to developing comprehensive disease control strategies.

scholarly journals Dehydration of Prions on Environmentally Relevant Surfaces Protects Them from Inactivation by Freezing and Thawing

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yuan ◽  
Glenn Telling ◽  
Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt ◽  
Jason C. Bartz
Keyword(s):  
Prion Disease ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Weathering Processes

ABSTRACTChronic wasting disease (CWD) is an emerging prion disease in North America. Recent identification of CWD in wild cervids from Norway raises the concern of the spread of CWD in Europe. CWD infectivity can enter the environment through live animal excreta and carcasses where it can bind to soil. Well-characterized hamster prion strains and CWD field isolates in unadsorbed or soil-adsorbed forms that were either hydrated or dehydrated were subjected to repeated rounds of freezing and thawing. We found that 500 cycles of repeated freezing and thawing of hydrated samples significantly decreased the abundance of PrPScand reduced protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) seeding activity that could be rescued by binding to soil. Importantly, dehydration prior to freezing and thawing treatment largely protected PrPScfrom degradation, and the samples maintained PMCA seeding activity. We hypothesize that redistribution of water molecules during the freezing and thawing process alters the stability of PrPScaggregates. Overall, these results have significant implications for the assessment of prion persistence in the environment.IMPORTANCEPrions excreted into the environment by infected animals, such as elk and deer infected with chronic wasting disease, persist for years and thus facilitate horizontal transmission of the disease. Understanding the fate of prions in the environment is essential to control prion disease transmission. The significance of our study is that it provides information on the possibility of prion degradation and inactivation under natural weathering processes. This information is significant for remediation of prion-contaminated environments and development of prion disease control strategies.

scholarly journals MOUNTAIN LIONS (PUMA CONCOLOR) RESIST LONG-TERM DIETARY EXPOSURE TO CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa L. Wolfe ◽  
Karen A. Fox ◽  
Karen A. Griffin ◽  
Michael W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Mountain Lions

scholarly journals Patterns of PrPCWD accumulation during the course of chronic wasting disease infection in orally inoculated mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 3451-3461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Fox ◽  
Jean E. Jewell ◽  
Elizabeth S. Williams ◽  
Michael W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics

Patterns of abnormal prion protein (PrP) accumulation during the course of chronic wasting disease (CWD) infection were studied and the distribution and timing of disease-associated PrP (PrPCWD) deposition and lesions in 19 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) 90–785 days after oral inoculation were described. PrPCWD deposition occurred relatively rapidly and widely in lymphoid tissues, later in central and peripheral nervous tissues and sporadically in a variety of tissues and organs in terminal disease stages. Development of spongiform encephalopathy lagged behind PrPCWD deposition in the central nervous system (CNS), but occurred in the same neuroanatomical locations. PrPCWD deposition in the lymphatic and nervous systems tended to be consistent and progressive in specific organs and tissues. Locations of PrPCWD deposition were similar between deer of two PrP genotypes (225SS and 225SF), but the time course differed between genotypes: in 225SF deer, PrPCWD accumulated more slowly in lymphatic tissues than in 225SS animals, but that disparity was small in comparison to the disparity between genotypes in timing of deposition in CNS tissue. These data confirm retropharyngeal lymph node and medulla oblongata at the level of the obex as early sites of PrPCWD accumulation in mule deer with CWD. Data on the relative time frames for and genetic influences on PrPCWD accumulation may also offer insights about epidemic dynamics and potential control strategies.

Chronic Wasting Disease Options of Surveillance in Carpathian Cervids: from the Identification of Characteristic Microscopic Pathologic Changes to Prionic Seeded Conversion and Amplification Assays

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-486
Author(s):  
Florica Barbuceanu ◽  
Stelian Baraitareanu ◽  
Stefania-Felicia Barbuceanu ◽  
Gabriel Predoi
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Western Immunoblotting ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Antigen Capture ◽  
Confirmatory Tests

This paper describes the current diagnostic methods of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in cervides used between 2013 and 2017 in Romania. The active surveillance of CWD involves the targeted groups screening by using rapid diagnostic tests (e.g., antigen capture enzyme immunoassay). If the first test does not provide certain negative results, then the confirmatory methods have been used, i.e. histopathology, immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting. These tests did not lead to the detection of CWD prions (PrPCWD) in Romania. This may be due to the absence or insufficient quantity of PrPCWD in samples, below the threshold of confirmatory tests.

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