Study of the processes of solid-phase reduction of iron from oxides using coals as reducing agents and the development of energy-efficient technologies for the production and use of metallized materials from concentrates obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment is an actual scientific direction in ferrous metallurgy. Theoretical studies of the processes of solidphase reduction of iron from iron-containing concentrate obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment of ferromanganese and polymetallic manganese-containing ores, by coals grades D (long-flame) and 2B (brown) were carried out by the method of thermodynamic simulation using the “Terra” software complex. The experimental study of the process of solid-phase reduction of iron from experimental mixtures was carried out in a muffle furnace SNOL 4/900 and in a resistance furnace with a graphite tubular heater (Tamman furnace). The influence of the composition and volume of gas phase, formed as a result of volatile components emission in the process of coals of two grades heating at 373–1873 K obtained, optimal temperature and consumption of coals defined, which ensure complete reducing of iron from iron-containing concentrate, compositions as well as volumes of gas phase. The influence of temperature of the isothermal exposure on the rate and degree of solid-phase reduction of iron from iron ore oxides was experimentally determined when using coals of different process grades and coke fines as reducing agents. Empirical equations of reduction degree versus time of isothermal exposure for different metallization temperatures were obtained. It is shown that the change in the degree of recovery on temperature with high accuracy was described by a linear dependence, and the change in the recovery rate on the temperature – by a power dependence. Conditions of effective metallization were determined when using iron concentrate and coals of different process grades for production of spongy metallized materials with content of Femet more than 80%, and 1.5–2.5 % C, 0.1 % S, 0.02 % P. As a result of thermodynamic simulation and experimental study of the process of iron reduction from iron concentrate, optimal consumption of coal of grades D and 2Б at temperature 1473K was determined. It was established that the best reducing agent with a minimum specific consumption is long-flame coal grade D. It was found that with an excess of reducing agent, it is possible to achieve almost complete extraction of iron from the concentrate, at the level of 98–99%.
Carbo-Chlorination of Silica: Thermodynamic Simulation and Experimental Study