The present study was intended to explore the pharmacological significance of the crude root extract
of Sterculia urens Roxb. Further the bio-active compounds were isolated and characterized using
chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Soxhlet extraction apparatus was utilized for isolation
of the chemical constituents from the root using a series of solvents such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate,
methanol and water. The pharmacological activities such as inhibition of DPPH radical, α-amylase
enzyme activity, albumin denaturation along with antibacterial and thrombolytic activities. The isolation
of purified bioactive constituents was carried using preparative HPLC technique and the purified
compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques like NMR, IR and mass. Among the
crude root extracts, methanolic extract shows high DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50
concentration of 26.74 ± 0.08 μg/mL. The IC50 concentrations in α-amylase enzyme inhibition activity
was 263.96 ± 0.90, 127.73 ± 1.23 and 223.54 ± 4.76 μg/mL, respectively for ethyl acetate, methanol
and water extracts, respectively. The methanolic extract shows high albumin denaturation inhibition
assay than other extracts with IC50 concentration as 137.09 ± 0.20 μg/mL, which is very close to
standard ascorbic acid. The methanolic extract also shows high % clot lysis than other extracts and
results were comparable with 100 μL of streptokinase standard. The preparative HPLC followed by
spectral analysis confirm that two known alkaloids (Sterculinine I & II) and three known flavonoids
(gossypetin, apigenin and 6-hydroxyluteolin) were purified and characterized from the root methanol
of Sterculia urens Roxb. The purified and identified compounds were reported for the first time in
Sterculia urens Roxb.