extracellular signal regulated kinase
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2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Kazuya Sumi ◽  
Kenji Tago ◽  
Yosuke Nakazawa ◽  
Kyoko Takahashi ◽  
Tomoyuki Ohe ◽  
...  

In the treatment of breakpoint cluster region-Abelson (BCR-ABL)-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) using BCR-ABL inhibitors, the appearance of a gatekeeper mutation (T315I) in BCR-ABL is a serious issue. Therefore, the development of novel drugs that overcome acquired resistance to BCR-ABL inhibitors by CML cells is required. We previously demonstrated that a bis-pyridinium fullerene derivative (BPF) induced apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)-derived K562 cells partially through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We herein show that BPF enhanced the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK-ERK) pathway in a ROS-independent manner. BPF-induced apoptosis was attenuated by trametinib, suggesting the functional involvement of the MEK-ERK pathway in apoptosis in K562 cells. In addition, the constitutive activation of the MEK-ERK pathway by the enforced expression of the BRAFV600E mutant significantly increased the sensitivity of K562 cells to BPF. These results confirmed for the first time that BPF induces apoptosis in K562 cells through dual pathways—ROS production and the activation of the MEK-ERK pathway. Furthermore, BPF induced cell death in transformed Ba/F3 cells expressing not only BCR-ABL but also T315I mutant through the activation of the MEK-ERK pathway. These results indicate that BPF is as an effective CML drug that overcomes resistance to BCR-ABL inhibitors.


Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Matilde Monti ◽  
Jacopo Celli ◽  
Francesco Missale ◽  
Francesca Cersosimo ◽  
Mariapia Russo ◽  
...  

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is a unique kinase among MAPKs family members, given its large structure characterized by the presence of a unique C-terminal domain. Despite increasing data demonstrating the relevance of the ERK5 pathway in the growth, survival, and differentiation of normal cells, ERK5 has recently attracted the attention of several research groups given its relevance in inflammatory disorders and cancer. Accumulating evidence reported its role in tumor initiation and progression. In this review, we explore the gene expression profile of ERK5 among cancers correlated with its clinical impact, as well as the prognostic value of ERK5 and pERK5 expression levels in tumors. We also summarize the importance of ERK5 in the maintenance of a cancer stem-like phenotype and explore the major known contributions of ERK5 in the tumor-associated microenvironment. Moreover, although several questions are still open concerning ERK5 molecular regulation, different ERK5 isoforms derived from the alternative splicing process are also described, highlighting the potential clinical relevance of targeting ERK5 pathways.


2022 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 328-337
Author(s):  
Somenath Banerjee ◽  
Dipayan Bose ◽  
Subhadip Das ◽  
Nabanita Chatterjee ◽  
Snehasish Mishra ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-401
Author(s):  
Natalia Danayati

Pendahuluan: Irisin merupakan miokin baru yang menghubungkan aktivitas fisik yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan kinerja metabolisme dan berkaitanan dengan pencoklatan jaringan adiposa putih menjadi coklat. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh irisin pada pencoklatan lemak putih. Metode: Menggunakan studi literatur dari sumber ilmiah dengan meringkas dari publikasi dan membandingkan hasil yang disajikan. Hasil: Irisin yang disekresikan dari otot, akan menstimulasi ekspresi dari uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) dalam adiposit yang menyebabkan pencoklatan jaringan adiposa putih melalui p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) dan melalui extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK). Kesimpulan: Irisin yang disekresikan otot rangka akan mengekspresikan UPC-1 di jaringan adiposa yang menyebabkan jaringan adiposa putih menjadi coklat dan peningkatan aktivitas thermogenesis.


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