Investigation of Hemispherical Variations of Soft X-Ray Solar Flares during Solar Cycles 21 to 24

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Amrita Prasad ◽  
Soumya Roy ◽  
Koushik Ghosh ◽  
Subhash Chandra Panja ◽  
Sankar Narayan Patra
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
Vol 366 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xiong ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Xiaolin Li ◽  
Yunxing Yin

2017 ◽  
Vol 835 (2) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Effenberger ◽  
Fatima Rubio da Costa ◽  
Mitsuo Oka ◽  
Pascal Saint-Hilaire ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-546
Author(s):  
Navin Chandra Joshi ◽  
Neeraj Singh Bankoti ◽  
Seema Pande ◽  
Bimal Pande ◽  
Wahab Uddin ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Borovik ◽  
Anton Zhdanov

Using data obtained in optical and X-ray wavelengths, we have analyzed solar flare activity for cycles 21–24. Over the last three cycles, solar activity is shown to decrease significantly. As compared to solar cycle 21 (the most active over the last 50 years), in cycle 24 2–4-class large optical flares are 4.4 times rarer; 1-class flares, 8.2 times; and S-class small flares, 4.1 times. The number of X-class flares decreased 3.7 times; M-class flares, 3.2 times. This confirms that secular solar activity trends affect peak values of 11-year cycles. It is shown that optical low-power flares can be accompanied by proton fluxes and X-ray bursts of different intensity, including X-class ones. Ranges of small flare emission in soft X-rays largely overlap with emission ranges of flares of high optical classes. We have confirmed that X-ray emission from solar flares appears on average 2 min before the optical emission. The X-ray maximum for small optical flares and 1-class flares occurs approximately 1 min later; for 2–4-class flares, 2 min.


New Astronomy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin Chandra Joshi ◽  
Neeraj Singh Bankoti ◽  
Seema Pande ◽  
Bimal Pande ◽  
Wahab Uddin ◽  
...  

Solar Physics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kilcik ◽  
Partha Chowdhury ◽  
Volkan Sarp ◽  
Vasyl Yurchyshyn ◽  
Burcin Donmez ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Ryan ◽  
Ryan O. Milligan ◽  
Peter T. Gallagher ◽  
Brian R. Dennis ◽  
A. Kim Tolbert ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Borovik ◽  
Anton Zhdanov

Using data obtained in optical and X-ray wavelengths, we have analyzed solar flare activity for cycles 21–24. Over the last three cycles, solar activity is shown to decrease significantly. As compared to solar cycle 21 (the most active over the last 50 years), in cycle 24 2–4-class large optical flares are 4.4 times rarer; 1-class flares, 8.2 times; and S-class small flares, 4.1 times. The number of X-class flares decreased 3.7 times; M-class flares, 3.2 times. This confirms that secular solar activity trends affect peak values of 11-year cycles. It is shown that optical low-power flares can be accompanied by proton fluxes and X-ray bursts of different intensity, including X-class ones. Ranges of small flare emission in soft X-rays largely overlap with emission ranges of flares of high optical classes. We have confirmed that X-ray emission from solar flares appears on average 2 min before the optical emission. The X-ray maximum for small optical flares and 1-class flares occurs approximately 1 min later; for 2–4-class flares, 2 min.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.


2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2483-2488
Author(s):  
C GOFF ◽  
S MATTHEWS ◽  
L HARRA
Keyword(s):  

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