Beyond the neglect of psychological consequences: post-traumatic stress disorder increases the non-fatal burden of injury by more than 50%

Introduction Traumatic upper limb peripheral nerve injuries significantly impact individuals’ function and ability to return to work. Patients with peripheral nerve injury experience ongoing psychological impairments for which they are not routinely treated. The aim of this review was to investigate the psychological consequences of traumatic upper limb peripheral nerve injury. Methods A systematic review of MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED, BNI, the Cochrane libraries and grey literature up to October 2015 was undertaken. Two reviewers independently assessed methodological quality in accordance with Cochrane Collaboration recommendations. Eligibility criteria comprised: adults or adolescents with traumatic upper limb peripheral nerve injury using any measurement of psychological well-being. Results Six studies ( n = 245) met the inclusion criteria. Methodological quality varied widely. Evidence of post-traumatic stress disorder at one month, which decreased over time, was reported in three studies. Two studies found a statistically significant correlation between the early presence of post-traumatic stress disorder and reduction in function at 12 or more months. Limited information was available on anxiety, depression and mental quality of life. Combined nerve injuries (in two studies) had significantly higher levels of post-traumatic stress disorder, at one month, compared to those with an isolated nerve injury. Conclusion There is some evidence of early post-traumatic stress disorder following traumatic upper limb peripheral nerve injury, which may have an impact on functional outcome. However, high-quality studies using prospective cohorts are required to further evaluate the psychological aspects associated with this traumatic injury.

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Psychological consequences and daily life adjustment for victims of intimate partner violence

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.1177/00912174211050504 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 009121742110505

Author(s):

Roser Cirici Amell ◽

Aloma Riera Soler ◽

Jesus Cobo ◽

Joan Miquel Soldevilla Alberti

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Female Victims ◽

Post Traumatic

Introduction Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a distressing reality worldwide. Victims of IPV usually experience long-term mental health disorders and maladjustments in their daily lives. Aims To examine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder in female victims of IPV that participated in a public mental health care program, and to analyze the relationships between the type of IPV exposure, its psychological consequences, and daily life adjustment. Method Up to 164 female victims of IPV referred by their primary care doctors to the Adult Mental Health Casntre of Sant Cugat del Vallès (Barcelona) between 2010 and 2016 were evaluated using several tests (Index of Spouse Abuse - ISA, Beck Depression Inventory - BDI-II, Sate-Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI, the Maladjustement Scale - MS, and the Severity Symptom Scale for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder - EGS). Results Of the 164 referred women, 102 (62.2%) agreed to participate (mean age 44.98 years, range 19–71) and 73% scored above the cut-off point in the physical IPV dimension (ISA). Moreover, 73% had depression symptoms, 77% trait anxiety, and 87% state anxiety altered scores. Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was also high (87%). IPV interfered significantly in all the aspects of the daily lives of 92% of the sample. Conclusions The participants of the study experienced many psychological symptoms and a high level of interference with all aspects of their daily lives. These consequences were of similar magnitude amongst victims of emotional abuse compared to those who suffered physical violence.

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Psychological consequences of post-traumatic stress disorder in post-conflict situations

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20197001011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 01011

Author(s):

Zarema Masaeva ◽

Laura Kagermazova

Keyword(s):

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Psychological State ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Post Conflict ◽

Active Attention ◽

Post Traumatic

this paper presents a scientific and theoretical study of the psychological consequences of post-traumatic stress disorder in a post-conflict region. These circumstances cause active attention to the region, where two military campaigns took place and for a long time residents of the Chechen Republic were under negative influences that affected their psychological state, causing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. All these points require an active study of this issue, as at present there are residual effects of post-traumatic stress disorder in persons who have survived military conflicts. To resolve the psychological consequences it is necessary to increase psychological stability and mental security providing psychological security of the surrounding space. Various studies of PTSD symptoms have shown that the following psychological consequences are mainly observed: obsessive memories, repeated internal living of a negative traumatic situation, nightmares, stress, overstrain, accelerated physiological reactions, apathy. All the negative aspects of the manifestation of PTSD require the organization of psychological correction in the first place the psychological diagnosis using effective tools with which you can get objective comprehensive and reliable results.

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Psychological Consequences of the Enniskillen Bombing

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.156.4.479 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 156 (4) ◽

pp. 479-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

P. S. Curran ◽

P. Bell ◽

A. Murray ◽

G. Loughrey ◽

R. Roddy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Psychological Injury ◽

Physical Injury ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

One Year

Eleven people were killed and 60 injured in the Enniskillen bombing of November 1987. Survivors were psychologically appraised six months and one year later. At six months 50% had developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This group comprised more females than males. However, all victims had high scores on the GHQ. We found no correlation between psychological injury (as measured by the GHQ) and physical injury (as measured by the ISS), calling into question previous assertions.

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Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression among Syrian refugees residing in the Kurdistan region of Iraq

Conflict and Health ◽

10.1186/s13031-019-0238-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Harem Nareeman Mahmood ◽

Hawkar Ibrahim ◽

Katharina Goessmann ◽

Azad Ali Ismail ◽

Frank Neuner

Keyword(s):

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Married Couples ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Kurdistan Region ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Post Traumatic

Abstract Background Since the Syrian civil war began in March 2011, more than half of the Syrian population was forced to escape from their homes, and more than 5 million of them fled their country. The aim of the present study is to estimate the psychological consequences of this conflict among the refugee population who fled to Iraq. Method In 2017, a team of locally trained psychologists and social workers interviewed 494 married couples (988 individuals) who were Syrian Kurdish refugees in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Validated Kurdish Kurmanji and Arabic versions of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5 and depression section of Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 were used for assessing PTSD and depression symptoms. Results Almost all of the participants (98.5%) had experienced at least one traumatic event and 86.3% of them experienced three or more traumatic event types. The prevalence of probable PTSD was about 60%. Gender, length of time in the camp, area in which participants were grown up, and the number of traumatic event types were significant predictors for the presence of PTSD symptoms. Approximately the same rate of participants (59.4%) experienced probable depression, which was associated with gender, age, time spent in the camp, and the number of traumatic event types. Conclusion PTSD and depression are prevalent among refugees exposed to traumatic events, and various variables play important roles. The pattern of risk factors in this population is consistent with findings from war-affected populations in other regions and should be considered for intervention within this population and more broadly.

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