Plant determined ineffective nodules in alfalfa (Medicago sativa): structural and biochemical comparisons

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Vance ◽  
L. E. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Ammonia Assimilation ◽  
Infection Threads ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Enzymes Of Ammonia Assimilation

Nodule structure, nodule enzymes of ammonia assimilation, nodule phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, nitrogenase-dependent acetylene reduction, and soluble protein were studied in four plant-determined ineffective genotypes and in one effective genotype of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown in a glasshouse. Ineffective nodules that formed on genotypes MnAg(In) and MnSa(In) were similar to effective nodules in early development. However, these nodules had smaller bacteroids and senesced much more rapidly than effective nodules. In contrast, nodules that formed on ineffective genotypes MnNC-3226(In) and MnNC-3811(In) were tumorlike and had few infection threads and bacteroids, and host cells were filled with starch. Nodules from plant-determined ineffective genotypes had reduced glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, and nodule soluble protein when compared with effective nodules. There were differences between genotypes for all biochemical parameters assayed.

scholarly journals Root Nodule Enzymes of Ammonia Assimilation in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1198-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gene Groat ◽  
Carroll P. Vance
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Ammonia Assimilation ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Enzymes Of Ammonia Assimilation

scholarly journals Effects of water stress on enzymes of ammonia assimilation in root nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Becana ◽  
P. M. Aparicio-Tejo ◽  
M. Sanchez-Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Ammonia Assimilation ◽  
Enzymes Of Ammonia Assimilation

scholarly journals Decreased NADH glutamate synthase activity in nodules and flowers of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) transformed with an antisense glutamate synthase transgene

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (342) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Schoenbeck ◽  
Stephen J. Temple ◽  
Gian B. Trepp ◽  
Juerg M Blumenthal ◽  
Deborah A. Samac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Antisense inhibition of NADH glutamate synthase impairs carbon/nitrogen assimilation in nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cordoba ◽  
Svetlana Shishkova ◽  
Carroll P. Vance ◽  
Georgina Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Antisense Inhibition ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity on Nodulation, Glutamine Synthetase and Glutamate Synthase Activity in Nodules of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
O. Younesi ◽  
A. Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ammonium Assimilation ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Growth Analyses

Abstract Bami cultivar of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) was inoculated with salt-tolerant Sinorhizobium meliloti in solution culture with different salt concentrations (0, 50, 75 and 100 mmoles 1-1NaCl) added immediately at the time of inoculation. The results indicated that S. meliloti formed an infective and effective symbiosis with alfalfa under saline and nonsaline conditions. Salinity significantly decreased shoot and root dry weight, nodule weight and mean nodule weight. Roots were more sensitive than shoots, and N2 fixation was more sensitive to salinity than was plant growth. Analyses of ammonium assimilating enzymes in the nodule showed that glutamine synthetase appeared to be more tolerant to salinity than glutamate synthase, and that it limits ammonium assimilation under saline stress.

Glutamate synthase in Medicago sativa L. occurrence and properties of Fd-dependent enzyme in plant cell fraction during root nodule development

1988 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 1130-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Suzuki ◽  
Elisa Carrayol ◽  
Claire Zehnacker ◽  
Marie-Esther Deroche
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Cell Fraction ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) root nodules: morphogenesis and the effect of forage harvest on structure and function

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Vance ◽  
L. E. B. Johnson ◽  
S. Stade ◽  
R. G. Groat
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Ammonia Assimilation ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Acetylene Reduction Activity ◽  
Infection Threads ◽  
Shoot Removal ◽  
And Function

Nodule structure, nodule enzymes of ammonia assimilation, nitrogenase-dependent acetylene reduction, and nodule soluble protein were studied during vegetative regrowth of detopped birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) seedlings grown in the glasshouse. Nodules senesced rapidly for a period of 14 days following shoot removal, but then pink nodule populations increased as shoot regrowth occurred. The structural sequence of senescence was similar in nodules whether the result of either aging or shoot removal. Membranes surrounding bacteroids showed degenerative changes as bacteroids senesced. Bacteroids aggregated within the nodule cells and ultimately disappeared in senescent cells. Infection threads and bacteria inside infection threads did not disintegrate.Nodule senescence as a result of shoot removal was accompanied by a marked decline in acetylene reduction, nodule soluble protein, nodule host plant glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT). Nodule enzyme activity, soluble protein, and acetylene reduction activity recovered to initial values as shoot regrowth occurred and pink nodule populations increased. Nodule host plant glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) did not change after shoot removal.This study shows that birdsfoot trefoil nodules respond to shoot removal by an increased senescence. Recovery of nodule function is associated with the formation of a new nodule population. The data also indicate that host plant GS and GOGAT function to assimilate fixed N. Spherical nodules with determinant growth may be less efficient than elongate nodules with indeterminant growth in nodule maintenance and function.

Enzymes of ammonia assimilation in Rhizobium leguminosarum bacteroids

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1009-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. W. Kurz ◽  
D. A. Rokosh ◽  
T. A. Larue
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Dinitrogen Fixation ◽  
Ammonia Assimilation ◽  
Enzymes Of Ammonia Assimilation

The activities of the following enzymes were studied in connection with dinitrogen fixation in pea bacteroids: glutamine synthetase (L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)) (EC 6.3.1.2) (GS); glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (L-glutamate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (deaminating)) (EC 1.4.1.4) (GDH); glutamate synthase (L-glutamine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (NADPH-oxidizing)) (EC 2.6.1.53) (GOGAT). GS activity was high throughout the growth of the plant and GOGAT activity was always low. It is unlikely that GDH or the GS–GOGAT pathway can account for the incorporation of ammonia from dinitrogen fixation in the pea bacteroid.

Decreased NADH glutamate synthase activity in nodules and flowers of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L. ) transformed with an antisense glutamate synthase transgene

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (342) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Schoenbeck ◽  
Stephen J. Temple ◽  
Gian B. Trepp ◽  
Juerg M Blumenthal ◽  
Deborah A. Samac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Medicago Sativa L
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